OCR Challenge: Digitizing Saint-Simon's Memoirs

2024-12-17

The author spent several weeks using OCR to digitize a late 19th-century edition of the 18th-century French memoirs, *Les Mémoires de Saint-Simon*. This 45-volume behemoth, containing over 3 million words, is available online as images, but is difficult to read. The goal was to create a readable, searchable, and copyable text version. Challenges included poor image quality and parsing different page zones (headers, main text, margin comments, footnotes, etc.). Google Vision API was used for OCR, with a Python program processing the results to identify and separate text from different areas. While LLMs failed to reliably handle footnote references, the author improved the program and incorporated manual review, resulting in the release of the first volume.

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A Decade-Old Fileserver's Second Life: Cost-Effective Storage Solution

2024-12-17

A company is still running a production machine, a fileserver over a decade old. While outdated, with a BMC requiring Java for KVM-over-IP, its 16 disk bays and 10G Ethernet ports make it ideal for repurposing. Used as a bring-your-own-disk low-cost storage server, it fulfills the need for high-capacity, low-performance storage despite its age and limited RAM. This highlights the value of reusing old hardware when requirements align.

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Lightweight Self-Hosted Proxy PipeGate: A 'Poor Man's ngrok'

2024-12-17

PipeGate is a lightweight, self-hosted proxy built with FastAPI, designed as a "poor man's ngrok." It lets you expose your local servers to the internet, providing a simple way to create tunnels from your local machine to the external world. It's excellent for developers wanting to understand how tunneling services like ngrok work internally or needing a customizable alternative hosted on their own infrastructure. Key features include self-hosting, unique connections, customizability, lightweight design, and ease of learning. Installation is straightforward via git clone or pip.

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Bruin: Build Data Pipelines with SQL and Python

2024-12-17

Bruin is a powerful data pipeline tool that combines data ingestion, data transformation with SQL and Python, and data quality checks into a single framework. It works with major data platforms and runs on your local machine, an EC2 instance, or GitHub Actions. Key features include data ingestion, SQL & Python transformations, data quality checks, Jinja templating, end-to-end validation, and support for multiple environments. Pipelines are easily defined using a simple pipeline.yml file.

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Development data pipeline

Headlight Brightness Wars: A Reddit-Fueled Battle Over Tech and Safety

2024-12-17

The issue of excessively bright car headlights, particularly those using LEDs, has become increasingly contentious. The subreddit r/FuckYourHeadlights serves as a central hub for frustrated drivers, led by a front-end developer and a mechanical engineer. They're using data, research, and advocacy to pressure automakers and regulators to address the problem. The core argument revolves around auto manufacturers exploiting loopholes in outdated safety regulations to create excessively bright headlights while still meeting minimum standards. The debate centers on balancing brightness, visibility, and glare-related safety risks. While a solution remains elusive, this Reddit-fueled campaign has sparked a crucial conversation about automotive lighting technology and its unintended consequences.

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The Moon: A Captivating Cosmic Journey

2024-12-17

This article takes a captivating journey through the intricacies of the Moon's motion, the Earth-Moon system, and the dynamics of a three-body system within our solar system. Using interactive demonstrations, the author explains phenomena like lunar orbits, tides, solar and lunar eclipses, and reveals the formation of lunar surface features and the reasons behind the Moon's brightness. Covering concepts such as gravity and the conservation of angular momentum, the article explains complex astronomical phenomena in an accessible way, making it a scientifically engaging and entertaining read.

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Misc Moon Cosmos

SpiceNice: An Open-Source Culinary Spice Database Launches

2024-12-17

SpiceNice is a new open-source website offering a comprehensive database of culinary spices. It provides detailed information on each spice, including its botanical name, culinary uses, and origin, along with details about the corresponding plant. Built using Strapi (backend), PostgreSQL (database), and Astro (frontend), SpiceNice aims to become a central resource for cooks, biologists, farmers, and spice enthusiasts. Future plans include a web API, multilingual support, and a community forum.

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Development spices

Discourse Celebrates a Decade of Fostering Online Communities

2024-12-17

Discourse, the open-source forum software, celebrated its 10th anniversary on August 26th, 2024. Launched with a vision of raising the standard of online discourse, it has grown from a small team of four to over 100 employees across 25 countries. The platform boasts over 20,000 communities, 107 million topics, and nearly 1.65 billion posts. Continuous development has included the addition of 49 plugins, chat features, and AI-powered tools for moderation and user experience enhancement. This success is a testament to its open-source nature, commitment to user feedback, and the dedication of its team.

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Langfuse: Open-Source LLM Engineering Platform Streamlines Development

2024-12-17

Langfuse is an open-source LLM engineering platform designed to simplify the development and deployment of large language model (LLM) applications. It offers features such as LLM observability, metrics, evaluations, prompt management, a playground, and datasets, integrating seamlessly with tools like LlamaIndex, Langchain, OpenAI SDK, and LiteLLM. Developers can use Langfuse to monitor LLM performance, manage prompts, evaluate model effectiveness, and ultimately accelerate LLM application development.

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Development Development Platform

Open Source Firmware: Necessity and Strategic Choices

2024-12-17

This article explores the necessity of open-source firmware. The author argues that firmware, as software controlling hardware, should adhere to free software principles. This is not only about freedom itself but also directly related to users' practical interests. Non-free firmware can restrict hardware functionality, hide security vulnerabilities, and even prevent users from fixing security issues. The article analyzes two viewpoints: one considers open-source firmware desirable but not necessary; the other advocates that all system software should be open-source. The author leans towards the former, believing that prioritizing the freedom of the operating system kernel is more important, but simultaneously emphasizes the benefits of open-source firmware and discusses how to promote it through strategic means.

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Development firmware free software

One Woman Dev Team Reaches Two Million Users

2024-12-17

Nadia Odunayo, a software engineer, built The StoryGraph, a reading community app with over a million users, as a solo developer. The StoryGraph helps users track their reading and recommends books based on mood and preferences. This inspiring story highlights Odunayo's grit, technical skills, and the 'one-person framework' she used to achieve this impressive feat. It offers valuable insights for aspiring solo developers.

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Grug's Guide to Sound: A Caveman's Approach to High Fidelity

2024-12-17

Grug, a seasoned (though slightly confused) sound engineer, penned this guide to help young Grugs build the perfect cave sound system. The guide covers every component in the signal chain, from streamers to speakers, explaining key parameters like impedance, sensitivity, and distortion. Grug emphasizes low noise and low distortion, advising prioritization of high-quality speakers. Ultimately, Grug recommends a budget-friendly entry-level system, allowing young Grugs to enjoy high-fidelity music in their caves.

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Misc audio hi-fi

Linear Algebra Powers Interactive Diagramming Editor

2024-12-17

Ivan Shubin, in developing his interactive diagramming editor Schemio, cleverly used matrix operations from linear algebra to solve a series of challenging problems. Initially, Schemio only supported simple shape creation and manipulation. However, when a hierarchical structure was introduced, coordinate transformations became complex. The author initially used a recursive approach but encountered issues with scaling and pivot points. Ultimately, Shubin leveraged matrices to represent transformations (translation, rotation, scaling), using matrix multiplication for coordinate conversion and ingeniously employing matrix inversion to solve the world-to-local coordinate conversion problem. Furthermore, matrix operations addressed the precise adjustment of an object's position and rotation when moving within the hierarchy, preventing unexpected jumps. Schemio's source code is open-source and available on GitHub.

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3D-Printed Dune Chess Set: A Tactile Design Masterpiece

2024-12-17

Architect Rory Noble-Turner has created a unique Dune chess set using advanced quartz 3D printing. The piece aims to provide an engaging tactile experience through intricate textures, capturing sand's raw, elemental form. Noble-Turner skillfully used 3D modeling tools to precisely control the dune textures, resulting in a naturally flowing design that uses textural differences to distinguish pieces and the board. More than just an art piece, it's an exploration of tactile and sensory experience, urging a reconnection with physical sensation in our digital age.

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Tig: A Text-Mode Interface for Git

2024-12-17

Tig is an ncurses-based text-mode interface for Git, primarily functioning as a Git repository browser. It also aids in staging changes for commit at the chunk level and acts as a pager for various Git command outputs. Installation instructions, release notes detailing new features and bug fixes, and resources like the homepage, manual, and Q&A section on Stack Overflow are readily available. Bug reports and feature requests can be submitted through the issue tracker or via email.

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Programmers Craft a Whimsical Programming Game: Droste's Lair

2024-12-17

Two programmers spent two weeks developing Droste's Lair, a whimsical programming environment game. Players build and count mathematical structures through intuitive drag-and-drop interactions, using an "amb" mechanism for branching execution and recursion. The game, themed around swords and sorcery, presents challenges such as reversing list elements, generating all face card combinations, and counting ways to cover a checkerboard with dominoes. Droste's Lair cleverly blends programming and game elements, offering a novel and engaging way to learn programming and mathematical concepts.

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Valhalla: Java's Epic Refactor Nears Completion

2024-12-17

After a decade-long journey, Project Valhalla, Java's ambitious refactor, is nearing completion. Aiming to bridge the gap between classes and primitives, Valhalla introduces value classes that offer the coding convenience of classes with the performance of primitives, resulting in a flat and compact memory layout. At Devoxx 2024, Java Language Architect Brian Goetz provided a comprehensive update, highlighting key features such as value classes, null-restricted types, enhanced definite assignment analysis, and strict initialization.

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Development Value Classes

Swift's New Forked Framework Simplifies Shared Data Management

2024-12-17

Developer Drew McCormack launched Forked, a new Swift framework for simplifying shared data management across single and multiple devices. Inspired by Git's merge mechanism, Forked supports branching and merging within a single file, achieving eventual consistency. It doesn't require a complete change history, only enough versions for three-way merging. Forked uses structs instead of classes, supports Codable, and seamlessly integrates with cloud services like iCloud. It even tackles race conditions from concurrent access and supports custom merge logic or built-in CRDT algorithms. CloudKit sync is achieved with just a few lines of code.

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CHICKEN Scheme's New Compiler: CRUNCH – A Statically Typed Scheme Compiler

2024-12-17

This article introduces CRUNCH, a new compiler for a statically typed subset of the Scheme programming language. Built on top of the CHICKEN Scheme system, it compiles Scheme code into portable C99 code. CRUNCH aims to provide a high-performance, lightweight Scheme compiler, addressing shortcomings in existing Scheme systems regarding performance and portability. It's particularly well-suited for game development, virtual machine creation, and embedded systems programming. While CRUNCH has limitations in supported Scheme features, it achieves efficient code generation through type inference and various optimizations, seamlessly integrating with the CHICKEN Scheme ecosystem.

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Development Statically Typed

Zaymo, YC-backed Startup, Seeks Founding Engineer

2024-12-17

Zaymo, a Y Combinator-backed e-commerce email marketing startup, is hiring a Founding Engineer. Zaymo transforms e-commerce emails into shoppable landing pages, allowing purchases without leaving the inbox. The company is experiencing hyper-growth and seeks an experienced full-stack engineer to help build the future of email marketing. The ideal candidate has 2+ years of startup engineering experience, proficiency in TypeScript, Remix, and AWS, and a positive, fast-moving, collaborative attitude. Zaymo offers competitive salary, equity, and relocation assistance.

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Startup Engineer

Stanford Report Warns of Mirror Bacteria Feasibility and Risks

2024-12-17

A Stanford University technical report details the feasibility of creating 'mirror bacteria' and their potential risks. Mirror bacteria, with all chiral molecules (proteins, nucleic acids, and metabolites) replaced by their mirror images, cannot evolve naturally but are becoming increasingly synthesizable. Immune systems and predation rely on chiral molecule interactions, meaning mirror bacteria could evade detection and control, potentially spreading unchecked and posing serious threats to humans, animals, plants, and the environment. The report comprehensively assesses synthesis, biosecurity, human health impacts, medical countermeasures, and ecological consequences, urging attention to this potential biosecurity risk.

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Framework Unveils New Expansion Bay Module and More

2024-12-17

Framework has released the first new module for the Framework Laptop 16's Expansion Bay system: the Dual M.2 Adapter, allowing users to add extra storage drives or other high-speed devices. They've also updated the Framework Laptop 16's CPU thermal solution, introduced 'Mystery Boxes' containing random parts to reduce e-waste, added 48GB DDR5 memory modules, new merchandise, and expanded shipping to more regions. These updates enhance both the product line and user experience.

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Eating Spaghetti by the Fistful: A Neapolitan Street Spectacle

2024-12-17

In 19th-century Naples, eating spaghetti became a unique spectacle. People would grab handfuls of spaghetti and shove it into their mouths with surprising speed. This unusual custom attracted numerous tourists and became a Neapolitan specialty. The article traces the history of this practice, from the price drop of pasta in the 17th century, to its role as an important food source for the poor, and its eventual disappearance with societal changes.

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Datasaurus Dozen: Exposing Statistical Pitfalls

2024-12-17

Thirteen datasets, nearly identical simple descriptive statistics, yet wildly different distributions and visualizations! This is the fascinating Datasaurus Dozen. Comprising a dinosaur-shaped dataset and twelve others with varying forms, they all share almost identical means, variances, and correlations. This powerfully demonstrates the danger of relying solely on basic descriptive statistics; visualization is crucial. The Datasaurus Dozen serves as a cautionary tale, urging data analysts to prioritize visualization before analysis to avoid misleading conclusions.

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Microsoft to Delete Passwords for 1 Billion Users, Promoting Passkeys

2024-12-17

In response to a surge in cyberattacks, Microsoft announced plans to delete passwords for a billion users and aggressively promote the more secure passkeys. With password attacks nearly doubling year-over-year, Microsoft blocks 7,000 attacks per second. Passkeys, leveraging biometrics or PINs, offer superior security and convenience compared to traditional passwords. Microsoft is actively pushing users towards passkey adoption, aiming for a passwordless and more secure future.

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Microsoft Open Sources Multilspy: Simplifying Language Server Client Development

2024-12-17

Microsoft has open-sourced Multilspy, a Python library designed to simplify building applications around language servers. Supporting Java, Rust, C#, and Python, Multilspy automates downloading server binaries, setup/teardown, and provides a simple API. It interacts with language servers to obtain static analysis results like code completion, symbol definitions, and references—crucial for AI-assisted code generation techniques such as Monitor-Guided Decoding.

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Klarna Halts Hiring, CEO Claims AI Can Do All Jobs

2024-12-17

Klarna CEO Sebastian Siemiatkowski has claimed that AI can already perform all jobs currently done by humans, leading the fintech company to halt hiring a year ago. The company's workforce has shrunk from 4,500 to 3,500 employees through attrition. While Klarna's website still advertises open positions, a spokesperson clarified that the company is not actively recruiting to expand but filling essential roles, mainly in engineering. This announcement has fueled concerns about AI's impact on the job market.

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Tech Employment

Best Practices for Representing Inheritance in SQL Server Databases

2024-12-17

This article explores best practices for representing inheritance relationships in SQL Server databases. Three common approaches are presented: single table inheritance, concrete table inheritance, and class table inheritance. The advantages and disadvantages of each are detailed. Single table inheritance is simple but has scalability and data integrity issues; concrete table inheritance solves these but suffers from inefficient queries; class table inheritance balances simplicity and efficiency, making it the preferred choice in most scenarios. Alternative approaches using JSON for subtype-specific fields and normalized database design are also discussed.

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MIT Study Unveils Why Laws Are Written in Incomprehensible Legalese

2024-12-17

A new study from MIT cognitive scientists reveals why legal documents are notoriously difficult to understand. Contrary to the belief that complexity stems from iterative edits, the research suggests that convoluted legalese serves to convey authority, akin to a 'magic spell'. Experiments showed that even non-lawyers instinctively use complex language structures when writing laws. This finding could inspire lawmakers to simplify legal language for better public comprehension.

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Running NetBSD on a Vintage ThinkPad 380Z: A Retro Computing Adventure

2024-12-17

The author acquired a 1998 IBM ThinkPad 380Z and embarked on a journey to install an operating system on it. After trying several options, NetBSD proved to be the best choice due to its excellent performance, hardware support, and stability. The article details the process of upgrading the hard drive, connecting to the network, installing NetBSD, and configuring various software components, including the X Window System, WireGuard, and a terminal emulator. The author successfully transformed this vintage ThinkPad into a functional machine suitable for lightweight programming, note-taking, and other tasks.

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Misc
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