Ancient DNA Reveals Phoenician Culture Spread Through Cultural Exchange, Not Mass Migration

A new ancient DNA study challenges long-held assumptions about the Mediterranean Phoenician-Punic civilization. Researchers found that the spread of Phoenician culture wasn't primarily due to large-scale migration, but rather a dynamic process of cultural transmission and assimilation. Punic populations showed highly variable and heterogeneous genetic profiles, with significant North African and Sicilian-Aegean ancestry. The study, based on a large sample of genomes from 14 sites across the Mediterranean, highlights the interconnectedness of ancient Mediterranean societies and the role of trade, intermarriage, and population mixing in shaping Punic culture.