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TSMC Unveils Nanosheet Transistors: A New Era for Chips

2024-12-15

TSMC Unveils Nanosheet Transistors: A New Era for Chips

TSMC showcased its next-generation N2 (2-nanometer) process at the IEEE International Electron Devices Meeting, marking its first foray into nanosheet transistors. Compared to its N3 process, N2 boasts up to a 15 percent speed increase, 30 percent better energy efficiency, and a 15 percent density boost. This new architecture offers greater flexibility, allowing for the creation of nanosheets with varying widths on the same chip, optimizing performance for different logic units, especially SRAM. Intel's research further validated the scalability of nanosheet architecture, demonstrating a high-performing 6-nanometer gate-length transistor, pointing the way towards continued advancement in chip technology and suggesting a potential extension of Moore's Law.

(spectrum.ieee.org)

Hardware TSMC Nanosheet Transistors 2nm Process

New Study Pinpoints Neanderthal Interbreeding with Modern Humans

2024-12-13

New Study Pinpoints Neanderthal Interbreeding with Modern Humans

A new analysis of ancient DNA from modern humans in Europe and Asia has precisely determined the timeframe of Neanderthal interbreeding with Homo sapiens. The interbreeding began approximately 50,500 years ago and lasted for about 7,000 years, until Neanderthals began to disappear. This research, using 58 ancient genomes and present-day human genomes, revealed an average interbreeding date of around 47,000 years ago, consistent with archeological evidence. The study also found that East Asians possess about 20% more Neanderthal genes than Europeans and West Asians, potentially due to the presence of mixed genes when modern humans migrated eastward around 47,000 years ago. The findings offer a more complete picture of past human migrations and gene flow, and shed light on the impact of Neanderthal genes on modern human health.

(news.berkeley.edu)

Tech Neanderthals Homo sapiens Gene flow

Cultural Evolution of Cooperation Among LLM Agents

2024-12-18

Researchers investigated whether a 'society' of Large Language Model (LLM) agents can learn mutually beneficial social norms despite incentives to defect. Experiments revealed significant differences in the evolution of cooperation across base models, with Claude 3.5 Sonnet significantly outperforming Gemini 1.5 Flash and GPT-4o. Furthermore, Claude 3.5 Sonnet leveraged a costly punishment mechanism to achieve even higher scores, a feat not replicated by the other models. This study proposes a new benchmark for LLMs focused on the societal implications of LLM agent deployment, offering insights into building more robust and cooperative AI agents.

(arxiv.org)

AI Cooperation Social Norms

Saturn's Rings: Older Than We Thought?

2024-12-19

Saturn's Rings: Older Than We Thought?

A new study challenges the long-held belief that Saturn's rings are relatively young. Previous research, based on data from the Cassini spacecraft, suggested an age of only a few hundred million years. However, a team led by planetary scientist Ryuki Hyodo used computer simulations to show that micrometeoroid impacts on the rings produce far less contamination than previously thought. This implies the rings could be billions of years old, as old as Saturn itself, predating even the dinosaurs. This finding significantly alters our understanding of early solar system evolution and points towards future missions for more detailed investigation.

(www.space.com)

Tech Saturn's rings age Cassini

ModernBERT: A Revolutionary BERT Replacement

2024-12-19

ModernBERT: A Revolutionary BERT Replacement

Answer.AI and LightOn introduce ModernBERT, a family of state-of-the-art encoder-only models that outperform BERT in both speed and accuracy. ModernBERT incorporates numerous advancements from recent LLM research, boasting an extended context length (8192 tokens), faster processing, and superior performance across various benchmarks. Its particularly strong code retrieval capabilities unlock new applications like large-scale code search and enhanced IDE features. ModernBERT is a drop-in replacement for BERT models and is available on Hugging Face.

(huggingface.co)

AI encoder model

Tektronix DVST Graphic Terminals: Pioneers of Computer Graphics Displays

2024-12-19

This article recounts the legendary story of Tektronix's DVST (bistable direct-view storage tube) graphic terminals. From Bob Anderson's invention of the DVST in 1961, to Tektronix's launch of its first 611 display, and later the iconic models T4002, 4010, and 4014, Tektronix spearheaded the development of computer graphics display technology. These terminals, with their high resolution and stability, became essential devices for computer graphics applications at the time, ultimately driving the progress of the entire industry. Even after the advent of low-cost raster-scanned CRTs, Tektronix's DVST terminals held a significant market share for years due to their compatibility and reliability.

(vintagetek.org)

Tech Computer Graphics

LLVM C Library Speeds Up GPUs: Running C Code on GPUs

2024-12-14

The LLVM project has released an exciting GPU C library enabling developers to run libc and libm functions directly on the GPU within C/C++ code. The library supports two main modes: as a supplementary library for offloading languages like OpenMP, CUDA, or HIP; and by directly compiling C/C++ code for the GPU. The article details how to use both modes, including compilation options, linking, and specific builds for AMD and NVIDIA GPUs. This library allows developers to leverage the parallel processing power of GPUs, significantly improving performance without needing deep knowledge of complex GPU programming models.

(libc.llvm.org)

Development GPU programming C library

Programmer Creates Pseudo-3D Game in Bash

2024-12-20

Programmer Creates Pseudo-3D Game in Bash

A programmer, izabera, has developed a surprisingly impressive pseudo-3D game using the Bash scripting language. This project, a homage to the classic game Wolfenstein 3D, is open-source on GitHub. The code is concise yet the result is stunning, showcasing the power of Bash and the programmer's ingenuity. The repository includes the game source code and demonstration videos. Developers interested in learning more can check it out on GitHub.

(github.com)

Development Game Development

One Woman Dev Team Reaches Two Million Users

2024-12-17

Nadia Odunayo, a software engineer, built The StoryGraph, a reading community app with over a million users, as a solo developer. The StoryGraph helps users track their reading and recommends books based on mood and preferences. This inspiring story highlights Odunayo's grit, technical skills, and the 'one-person framework' she used to achieve this impressive feat. It offers valuable insights for aspiring solo developers.

(brightonruby.com)

Development solo development reading community user growth

GitHub Open Sources Fully Documented Commodore 64 Elite Source Code

2024-12-20

GitHub Open Sources Fully Documented Commodore 64 Elite Source Code

A fully documented and annotated source code for the classic Commodore 64 game Elite has been open-sourced on GitHub. This repository provides four variants of the source code, catering to different hardware platforms and build processes. Developers can explore the meticulously commented source code to understand Elite's inner workings and even compile a playable D64 disk image on modern machines using the provided Makefile, runnable on emulators or real hardware. This project aims to help appreciate this iconic 8-bit game, offering significant educational and archival value.

(github.com)

Game Game Source Code

Raspberry Pi 500 Modder Successfully Adds M.2 Slot

2024-12-15

A Raspberry Pi enthusiast successfully added an M.2 slot to the Raspberry Pi 500! While the Pi 500 has the header, the slot itself is absent, leading to some controversy. The modder soldered on four tiny capacitors and used a bench power supply to power a bottom pad, enabling the use of NVMe SSDs and other PCIe devices. This modification requires excellent SMD soldering skills and has sparked discussion about the Pi 500's design choices; speculation includes reserving the feature for a future premium model.

(www.jeffgeerling.com)

Hardware Raspberry Pi 500 M.2 slot Hardware Mod

Tenstorrent: An Analysis of the AI Hardware Startup Landscape

2024-12-15

Tenstorrent: An Analysis of the AI Hardware Startup Landscape

This article delves into a deep dive analysis of Tenstorrent, an AI hardware startup. Initially skeptical, the author, after meeting with the Tenstorrent team and gaining a thorough understanding of their architecture (a mesh topology featuring high-performance RISC-V CPU cores and AI cores) and software stack, revised their opinion. The article details Tenstorrent's technical specifications, including its unique Baby RISC-V cores and efforts to reduce latency. The author argues that Tenstorrent's open-source strategy, strong engineering team, and rational business model give it a unique advantage in the competitive AI hardware market, expressing optimism for its future.

(irrationalanalysis.substack.com)

AI AI hardware

Spark vs. DuckDB vs. Polars: Benchmarking Performance for Small to Medium Workloads

2024-12-15

Spark vs. DuckDB vs. Polars: Benchmarking Performance for Small to Medium Workloads

This article benchmarks Spark, DuckDB, and Polars, comparing their performance, cost, and development ease on 10GB and 100GB datasets. Results show that for large datasets and ETL tasks, Spark remains dominant due to its distributed computing capabilities and mature ecosystem. DuckDB and Polars excel at interactive querying and data exploration on smaller datasets. The author recommends a strategic mix-and-match approach, using Spark for ETL, DuckDB for interactive queries, and Polars for niche scenarios, tailoring engine choice to specific needs.

(milescole.dev)

Development data processing engines benchmark

The Enigma of Luigi Mangione: A Bright Young Man and a Shocking Crime

2024-12-22

The Enigma of Luigi Mangione: A Bright Young Man and a Shocking Crime

This article recounts the author's interactions with Luigi Mangione, the alleged assassin of UnitedHealthcare CEO Brian Thompson. Luigi, a bright young man from a wealthy family, purchased a premium membership to the author's blog, leading to a two-hour video call. During their conversation, Luigi expressed concerns about the erosion of human agency in modern society, likening many to unthinking 'NPCs' manipulated by technology. He voiced frustration with high US healthcare costs. The author's shock at Luigi's subsequent arrest for murder forms the crux of the article, exploring the complexities of motivation, the coexistence of kindness and cruelty, and the multifaceted nature of human behavior. The article raises questions about free will and societal influences on individual actions.

(www.gurwinder.blog)

Misc free will social commentary murder mystery

A Decade-Old Fileserver's Second Life: Cost-Effective Storage Solution

2024-12-17

A company is still running a production machine, a fileserver over a decade old. While outdated, with a BMC requiring Java for KVM-over-IP, its 16 disk bays and 10G Ethernet ports make it ideal for repurposing. Used as a bring-your-own-disk low-cost storage server, it fulfills the need for high-capacity, low-performance storage despite its age and limited RAM. This highlights the value of reusing old hardware when requirements align.

(utcc.utoronto.ca)

Tech server reuse storage solution hardware cost

America's Healthcare System: A Total Breakdown, Beyond Insurance Companies

2024-12-14

America's Healthcare System: A Total Breakdown, Beyond Insurance Companies

The American healthcare system is broken, and the problem extends far beyond insurance companies. An oncologist argues that pharmaceutical firms, PBMs (pharmacy benefit managers), the FDA, CMS, hospitals, and doctors all share responsibility. Pharmaceutical companies push unproven drugs, PBMs profit excessively, regulators are lax, hospitals charge exorbitant fees and engage in predatory practices, and doctors order unnecessary tests and treatments. While insurance companies are frustrating, they are a scapegoat for a larger systemic issue. The author calls for sweeping reforms of the FDA and CMS to end corporate capture of regulatory agencies, addressing the high costs and inefficiency of the US healthcare system. The recent assassination of an insurance CEO highlights public frustration with the system.

(www.sensible-med.com)

Misc healthcare reform healthcare costs US healthcare

Maine Prison's Remote Work Program: A Path to Redemption

2024-12-24

Maine Prison's Remote Work Program: A Path to Redemption

Maine's prison system is conducting a bold experiment: allowing inmates to work remotely. This program not only provides inmates with fair market wages, helping them pay restitution, support children, and save for the future, but also instills dignity and hope. Remote work allows inmates to learn new skills, build self-worth, and prepare for re-entry into society. While facing skepticism from victims and the public, the program's positive impact is undeniable, offering a model for prison reform in other states.

(www.bostonglobe.com)

Misc prison reform reintegration

Frankfurt Silver Amulet Rewrites Early Christian History

2024-12-18

Frankfurt Silver Amulet Rewrites Early Christian History

Archaeologists unearthed a groundbreaking artifact in a 3rd-century Roman grave near Frankfurt, Germany: a silver amulet, the "Frankfurt Silver Inscription." Dating back to 230-270 CE, this amulet predates previously known Christian artifacts in the region by almost 50 years. Its inscription, deciphered using advanced technology, contains exclusively Christian content, including invocations to Jesus Christ and biblical quotations. This discovery significantly pushes back the timeline of Christianity's presence north of the Alps, shedding light on its early spread and influence in Roman Germania. The find has major implications for archaeology, theology, and Roman history.

(archaeologymag.com)

Misc Christianity Archaeological Discovery Roman Empire

Rec Room Releases Copyable Game: BonkysInferno

2024-12-21

Rec Room Releases Copyable Game: BonkysInferno

Rec Room has launched a new copyable game, ^BonkysInferno. Based on the 'Make it to Midnight' environment, the objective is to score the most points by knocking opponents into lava or past a laser fence with Bonky's hammer. The game features a collectible system, damage system, Bonky's hammer mechanics, a round system, and a HUD, all built using Circuits and Rec Room Studio, allowing for player replication and modification. Players are encouraged to explore the circuits with their Maker Pen and use Rec Room Studio for deeper customization.

(forum.rec.net)

Game copyable game game development

Netventory: A Fast, Single-Binary Network Scanner

2024-12-22

Netventory: A Fast, Single-Binary Network Scanner

Netventory is a cross-platform network scanning tool distributed as a single binary, requiring no dependencies and running on Linux, Mac, and Windows. Its sleek terminal interface and powerful features make it accessible to network administrators, security professionals, and anyone needing quick network visibility. Netventory boasts multiple detection methods (TCP, UDP, ARP), port scanning, MAC address resolution, and hostname resolution, with real-time progress tracking and detailed device information. Simple commands enable network auditing, security assessments, and network management tasks.

(github.com)

Tech network scanning single binary

Manx: An Open Source Treasure Trove of Vintage Computer Manuals

2024-12-23

Manx is an open-source project dedicated to cataloging and preserving manuals for older computers. It currently boasts nearly 10,000 manuals from 61 websites, covering minicomputers, mainframes, and associated peripherals like terminals and printers. While many manuals are scanned images and not directly indexable by search engines, Manx adds metadata and information to compensate. Its search currently focuses on part numbers, titles, and keywords. For microcomputer manuals, Tiziano's 1000 BiT is a better resource.

(manx-docs.org)

Tech vintage computing manuals

GitHub Project ted: A Turing Machine-based File Editor

2024-12-18

GitHub Project ted: A Turing Machine-based File Editor

ted is a command-line tool written in Go that allows users to edit files according to the rules of a provided Turing machine. Inspired by the author's need to process log files, ted uses state machines to precisely extract the desired information. It supports various operations, including regular expression matching, sed command execution, variable assignment, capture and output control, and offers features such as multi-line capture, regex capture groups, and file head/tail movement.

(github.com)

Development Turing Machine File Editing State Machine

Coder's Million-Dollar Mistake: A Bug with a Dramatic Twist

2024-12-16

Coder's Million-Dollar Mistake: A Bug with a Dramatic Twist

Trey, a programmer working for a 3G telecom startup, wrote an automated payment testing program intended for small test transactions. Three bugs in the code, however, caused the program to credit his test account with $100 every five minutes. A lack of liveness check meant that when one gateway failed, the program continued running for hours, accumulating a substantial sum. The next morning, Trey faced questioning from the security team until his department head explained the situation, but the test account balance was reset to zero.

(www.theregister.com)

Development programmer error automated payments

Proposed Google Antitrust Remedies Threaten Independent Browsers

2024-12-19

Proposed Google Antitrust Remedies Threaten Independent Browsers

The US Department of Justice's proposed remedies in its antitrust case against Google could inadvertently harm independent browsers like Firefox by jeopardizing their revenue streams. This isn't just about one company; it threatens the future of the open web. While Google is Firefox's default search engine in the US, this is a non-exclusive agreement, and Firefox has always supported multiple search engine choices. Reducing the number of independent browsers diminishes search engine competition and harms consumer choice and innovation. The article urges the court to consider remedies that don't damage independent browsers and the open web.

(blog.mozilla.org)

Tech antitrust browser competition

K8s Cleaner: Optimize Your Kubernetes Clusters

2024-12-18

K8s Cleaner is a Kubernetes cluster cleanup tool designed for administrators. It efficiently identifies and removes unused resources to boost cluster performance and reduce operational costs. Supporting all resource types, including CRDs, it offers pre-defined rules and customizable options (time-based, label-based, or custom Lua scripts). Notifications are sent via Slack, Email, and more, while a dry-run mode prevents accidental changes. K8s Cleaner streamlines Kubernetes resource management.

(sveltos.projectsveltos.io)

Development Cluster Cleanup Resource Management

Great Question (YC) Hiring People Operations Manager

2024-12-12

Great Question (YC) Hiring People Operations Manager

Great Question, a YC-backed startup simplifying customer research, is seeking an experienced People Operations Manager. This role will focus on streamlining recruitment, onboarding, compensation standardization, and enhancing company culture to boost employee engagement and retention. The ideal candidate will have 3+ years of experience in people operations, expertise in compensation and performance management, excellent communication skills, and a proven ability to thrive in a remote work environment. This is a crucial opportunity to contribute to a rapidly growing startup.

(www.ycombinator.com)

Startup Hiring People Operations YC Startup

Debunking the RAM Myth: Optimizing Memory Access

2024-12-19

Debunking the RAM Myth: Optimizing Memory Access

This article challenges the common misconception about modern computer memory—the RAM myth—that assumes memory access is always random and uniform. By analyzing data sharding algorithms, the author demonstrates that simple linear algorithms are inefficient for large datasets due to frequent cache misses. To address this, an optimized strategy based on radix sort is proposed. Techniques like pre-sorting data, using generators, and pre-allocating memory significantly improve data sharding efficiency. Experimental results show that the optimized algorithm achieves a 2.5 to 9x speedup when processing large datasets.

(purplesyringa.moe)

Development cache optimization radix sort big data processing

Farewell to Endless Meetings: A New Approach to High-Velocity Software Development

2024-12-15

Tired of endless meetings and lengthy planning? This article introduces a high-efficiency software development method: code-centric, rapid iteration. The author uses baking as an example to illustrate the concept of achieving the optimal solution through rapid experimentation, frequent testing, and continuous improvement. This method emphasizes reducing documentation, expressing ideas directly in code, using mock data and hot-reloading tools to speed up development, and improving code readability through concise code style and naming conventions. The author advocates breaking down projects into independently executable files, minimizing restart time, and using default language tools for debugging. Although this method may seem like a "chaotic lab," it can efficiently complete projects and avoid the redundancy and inefficiency of traditional methods.

(mihaiolteanu.me)

Development agile development efficient programming

C++: A Resurgence of Programming Fun

2024-12-23

C++: A Resurgence of Programming Fun

The author reflects on over a decade of programming, lamenting that languages like JavaScript, Python, and Ruby failed to recapture the joy he felt coding as a child. Recently, while developing a roguelike game using C++, he rediscovered that programming fun. He argues that C++ was once notorious for the overuse of template metaprogramming, but since C++11, the standards committee's efforts have revitalized the language. Additions like auto type inference, nullptr, and range-based for loops have significantly improved developer experience and efficiency. Modern C++ is powerful, boasting rich libraries and tools, yet avoids the negative aspects of excessive popularity. The relatively pure community allows developers to focus on creation, which is the essence of programming enjoyment.

(learncodethehardway.com)

Development

Shape-Shifting Antenna Takes Inspiration From 'The Expanse'

2024-12-16

Shape-Shifting Antenna Takes Inspiration From 'The Expanse'

Researchers at the Johns Hopkins Applied Physics Laboratory have developed a novel shape-shifting antenna inspired by the science fiction series, 'The Expanse'. Using 3D-printed shape-memory alloy, the antenna dynamically adapts its shape through heating and cooling to meet various communication needs. Effectively operating from 4-11 GHz, this innovative design holds promise for 6G wireless communication, addressing the challenge of requiring multiple antennas for multi-band operation. While slower than alternative technologies, it offers advantages in power efficiency and frequency range, especially in systems needing to integrate diverse antenna types for optimal performance.

(spectrum.ieee.org)

Tech shape-shifting antenna 6G communication

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