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Ants, Termites, and the Evolutionary Feast: How Mammals Conquered a Tiny Kingdom

2025-07-18

A groundbreaking study traces the rise of ant- and termite-eating mammals, revealing at least a dozen independent evolutionary events where mammals specialized in this unusual diet. Following the dinosaur extinction, ant and termite populations exploded, creating a novel ecological niche. Researchers analyzed the diets of nearly 4,100 mammal species, finding that obligate myrmecophagy (exclusive ant and termite consumption) evolved independently multiple times. This dietary shift required significant physiological adaptations, and remarkably, once a lineage adopted this strategy, it rarely reverted. The study suggests that this specialized diet, while potentially limiting, may provide an advantage in a changing climate, where large social insect colonies are thriving.

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(news.njit.edu)
Tech

Beyond the XOR Trick: Finding Thousands of Missing IDs with Invertible Bloom Filters

2025-07-18
Beyond the XOR Trick: Finding Thousands of Missing IDs with Invertible Bloom Filters

This article introduces Invertible Bloom Filters (IBFs), a data structure that efficiently solves the problem of finding thousands of missing IDs in a massive dataset. Starting with the simple XOR trick, the article progressively explains the workings of IBFs, overcoming the limitations of the traditional XOR trick through partitioning and iterative recovery. IBFs use hashing to partition sets, then iteratively recover the symmetric difference using a 'peeling' algorithm to efficiently find missing elements. A Python implementation is provided for learning and experimentation.

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(nochlin.com)
Development Invertible Bloom Filters

Unlocking Extreme Productivity with Claude Code and Background Agents

2025-07-18

This post details the author's experience using Claude Code and their tool, Terragon, for AI-assisted programming. Terragon manages multiple background Claude Code agents, running them in the cloud and automatically creating pull requests, dramatically boosting productivity. The author's workflow involves assigning tasks to Terragon's agents and then locally reviewing and testing. This hybrid approach allows for parallel task management, significantly increasing output, especially for repetitive tasks, code cleanup, and debugging. The post also shares lessons learned, including understanding the model's strengths and weaknesses, knowing when to abandon unsuccessful attempts, and effective time management.

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(ymichael.com)
Development

Smooth Transition: Getting Started with Linux from Windows

2025-07-18
Smooth Transition: Getting Started with Linux from Windows

For users switching from Windows to Linux, Linux Mint and Zorin OS are excellent choices. Volunteers should assist users in familiarizing themselves with the Linux environment and finding Linux equivalents to their Windows software. Demonstrations, such as using a live USB or dedicated Linux demo machines, can help users experience Linux firsthand. Dual-booting is an option if users want to keep both Windows 10 and Linux, but volunteers should advise that Windows 10 will become outdated and insecure, and should be used only for specific applications, while Linux should be used for daily tasks.

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(therestartproject.org)
Development

Linux Secure Boot Faces Key Expiration Crisis

2025-07-18

A Microsoft key used for signing the Linux Secure Boot shim bootloader is set to expire in September, potentially breaking booting on numerous systems. While a replacement key has been available since 2023, many systems lack the update, possibly requiring firmware updates from hardware vendors. This adds extra work for Linux distributions and users. Solutions involve firmware updates via LVFS and fwupd, but older firmwares might have compatibility issues, potentially requiring Secure Boot to be disabled. Vendor updates may also present problems, such as lost platform keys. Ultimately, this highlights the challenges Linux faces relying on a Windows-centric hardware ecosystem.

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(lwn.net)
Development Firmware Updates

JetBrains' AI-Powered Code Completion: Small Model, Big Impact

2025-07-18
JetBrains' AI-Powered Code Completion: Small Model, Big Impact

JetBrains' Full Line Code Completion in PyCharm is a game-changer. Instead of relying on massive LLMs, it uses a smaller, locally-run model optimized for Python. This model excels at auto-generating log statements, significantly boosting developer productivity. It predicts variable names, data structure access, and generates clearer logs than most developers would write – logs valuable even in production. Trained on a curated dataset and employing optimization techniques like quantization and caching, it's fast and efficient. This demonstrates the potential of smaller, specialized models for specific tasks, offering a new paradigm for AI-assisted programming.

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(newsletter.vickiboykis.com)
Development

NIH Is Cheaper Than the Wrong Dependency

2025-07-18
NIH Is Cheaper Than the Wrong Dependency

This article challenges the common assumption that software dependencies are always beneficial. The author argues that dependencies incur significant costs, including learning curves, maintenance overhead, security risks, and deployment complexity. Using the TigerBeetle database as an example, the article highlights the advantages of a 'zero-dependency' policy. A framework for evaluating dependencies is proposed, encompassing ubiquity, stability, depth, ergonomics, and watertightness. POSIX system calls, ECMA-48 terminal control codes, and the web platform are used to illustrate the framework's application. The article concludes by urging developers to critically assess the costs and benefits of dependencies before making choices.

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(lewiscampbell.tech)
Development

Fully Homomorphic Encryption: Towards a Truly Private Internet

2025-07-18
Fully Homomorphic Encryption: Towards a Truly Private Internet

Fully Homomorphic Encryption (FHE) allows arbitrary computations on ciphertext without decryption. This means data can remain encrypted across the internet, preventing breaches and enabling true privacy. While currently slow, FHE's speed is improving 8x yearly. In the future, FHE may power encrypted cloud computing, encrypted large language model inference, and confidential blockchain smart contracts, potentially disrupting data-harvesting business models and shifting the internet from 'spy by default' to 'privacy by default'.

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(bozmen.io)
Tech Fully Homomorphic Encryption

Le Chat Gets a Huge Upgrade: Deep Research, Voice Mode, and More

2025-07-17
Le Chat Gets a Huge Upgrade: Deep Research, Voice Mode, and More

Mistral AI's AI assistant, Le Chat, has received a major update with powerful new features. Deep Research mode allows for structured, in-depth research; Voice mode enables voice interaction; and natively multilingual reasoning facilitates seamless switching and reasoning across languages. Advanced image editing capabilities and project organization features further enhance user experience. These updates make Le Chat more powerful and user-friendly, providing a more efficient AI-assisted experience.

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(mistral.ai)
AI

Two Weeks with Claude Code: A Deep Dive into an AI Coding Assistant

2025-07-17
Two Weeks with Claude Code: A Deep Dive into an AI Coding Assistant

This detailed account chronicles two weeks of using Claude Code. Initially relying on Cursor and its generous API access for code generation and comprehension, API rate limits pushed the author towards a paid Claude Code subscription. A comparison of Claude Code and Cursor highlights strengths and weaknesses, including Sonnet 4 and Opus 4 model performance differences, Claude Code's context management, search capabilities, and custom commands. The author shares practical tips – efficiently utilizing sub-agents, context management, and command shortcuts – and suggests improvements for Claude Code. Overall, the author finds Claude Code powerful but with a steep learning curve, rewarding curiosity and exploration.

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(sankalp.bearblog.dev)
Development

BB(6) Cryptid: The Antihydra and a Collatz-like Problem

2025-07-17

Researchers working on the Busy Beaver problem (BB) have discovered a BB(6) candidate called the "Antihydra." This problem involves a Collatz-like function where the iteration process determines the program's trajectory. The Antihydra's trajectory resembles a random walk, and its halting condition depends on the ratio of odd to even operations. This discovery presents new challenges and directions for Busy Beaver research, potentially shifting the focus from finding the largest Busy Beaver numbers to understanding and explaining these 'cryptids' and their behavior.

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(www.sligocki.com)
Development

n8n vs Node-RED: A Tale of Two Workflow Automation Tools

2025-07-17
n8n vs Node-RED: A Tale of Two Workflow Automation Tools

Both n8n and Node-RED excel at transforming data into actionable information, but cater to different needs. n8n shines when working with public cloud data, but requires supplementary tools like ObservableHQ for visualization. Node-RED, on the other hand, is ideal for private data sources, particularly file-based or sensor data, but needs integration with platforms like Flowise AI for AI-intensive tasks. The choice depends on your data location and processing requirements. The author emphasizes the importance of data visualization and AI ethics in building robust systems.

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(daniel-payne-keldan-systems.medium.com)
Development

AmazingHand: A Low-Cost, Open-Source 8-DOF Humanoid Hand

2025-07-17
AmazingHand: A Low-Cost, Open-Source 8-DOF Humanoid Hand

AmazingHand is an impressive open-source project delivering a low-cost, high-performance 8-DOF humanoid hand. This 3D-printable hand features all actuators integrated within, eliminating external cables. Weighing only 400g and costing under €200, it leverages parallel mechanisms and miniature servo motors. Control is available via Python or Arduino, with detailed assembly guides, CAD files, and software provided. Future development includes enhanced grasping capabilities and exploration of additional features like fingertip sensors and more powerful motors. Join the community and build your own!

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(github.com)
Hardware

The File Is Dead: Long Live the Database

2025-07-17
The File Is Dead: Long Live the Database

Recent data breaches, like the UK Ministry of Defence incident, highlight the persistent problem of file-based data sharing. The author argues this outdated practice stems from a deeply ingrained 'file' mentality, incompatible with modern collaboration tools and database technology. The piece calls for abandoning file sharing in favor of database-centric data management for improved security and efficiency. It uses the analogy of a car designed to carry hay to illustrate how modern computing remains stuck in the past.

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(shkspr.mobi)
Tech

Rejoy Health: Hiring Software Engineers for AI-Powered Medical Search

2025-07-17
Rejoy Health: Hiring Software Engineers for AI-Powered Medical Search

Rejoy Health, an AI-powered medical search platform for clinicians, is hiring Software Engineers. Responsibilities include building and scaling backend systems for their AI search engine, developing APIs and services for their web app, collaborating with ML engineers on NLP/LLM model integration, and designing performant and secure infrastructure. Requirements include 1+ years of software engineering experience (Python, React.js preferred), strong backend development skills, experience with cloud platforms (AWS, GCP, or Azure), and DevOps familiarity.

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(www.ycombinator.com)
Development

Urgent Security Update for Matrix: High-Severity Vulnerabilities Patched

2025-07-17
Urgent Security Update for Matrix: High-Severity Vulnerabilities Patched

The Matrix team has identified and patched two high-severity protocol vulnerabilities (CVE-2025-49090 and another yet-to-be-assigned CVE) that could lead to unexpected state resets in Matrix servers. A coordinated security release across all Matrix server implementations is planned for July 22nd, 2025, at 17:00 UTC (version 1.16, room version 12). This update requires upgrading existing rooms. Users running Matrix servers are urged to upgrade as soon as possible. Client developers should review MSC4291 and update their clients to support the new room ID format and creator privileges.

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(matrix.org)
Development

Italian YouTuber Faces Criminal Charges for Promoting ROM-Loaded Handhelds

2025-07-17
Italian YouTuber Faces Criminal Charges for Promoting ROM-Loaded Handhelds

Italian YouTuber Once Were Nerd is facing legal trouble for reviewing Android handheld gaming consoles pre-loaded with ROMs on his YouTube channel. Agents from Italy's Guardia di Finanza raided his home, confiscating his consoles and accusing him of promoting copyright infringement. While emulation software itself is legal, the pre-loaded ROMs violate copyright law, serving as a warning to other YouTubers reviewing similar devices and highlighting the complexities of digital copyright protection.

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(arstechnica.com)
Game Android handhelds

Tomb of First Caracol Ruler Unveiled, Rewriting Maya History

2025-07-17
Tomb of First Caracol Ruler Unveiled, Rewriting Maya History

Archaeologists at Caracol, Belize have unearthed the tomb of Te K’ab Chaak, the first ruler of this major Maya city. The discovery, the first identifiable ruler's tomb in over four decades, reveals a wealth of artifacts including jadeite jewelry, a mosaic mask, and pottery depicting Maya rulers and deities. The tomb's contents, along with a nearby cremation containing artifacts from Teotihuacan, Mexico, suggest complex interactions between the Maya and Teotihuacan civilizations as early as 350 AD, predating previously established timelines and challenging existing narratives about Maya social structure and political power. This groundbreaking discovery pushes back the date of significant Mesoamerican interaction and highlights the extensive travel networks of the ancient world.

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(uh.edu)
Tech

The Rise and Fall of Two Microcomputer Pioneers: Sinclair and Kildall

2025-07-17
The Rise and Fall of Two Microcomputer Pioneers: Sinclair and Kildall

This article recounts the fascinating lives of Sir Clive Sinclair, a British electronics genius, and Gary Kildall, an American computer scientist, both pioneers of the microcomputer industry. Sinclair revolutionized home computing in the 1980s with his ZX Spectrum and other affordable computers, but ultimately failed due to poor business decisions. Kildall's CP/M operating system became the standard for business microcomputers, but he missed the chance to partner with IBM, leading to his company's eventual sale. Both men demonstrated exceptional technical skills alongside business shortcomings, making significant contributions to the microcomputer industry and offering valuable lessons for entrepreneurs.

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(nemanjatrifunovic.substack.com)
Tech Microcomputers Entrepreneurship

US Debt Crisis: Economic Models Crash, Predicting Disaster

2025-07-17
US Debt Crisis: Economic Models Crash, Predicting Disaster

Concerns about the massive US debt are resurfacing. Economists used powerful computing models to simulate future economic trends, with shocking results: the models failed to converge, meaning long-term economic projections are impossible under the current rate of debt growth. This isn't just another 'boy who cried wolf' scenario; it signals a potential economic catastrophe. Continued debt escalation could lead to soaring interest rates, economic contraction, and other severe consequences. Experts suggest reforms like raising the retirement age, implementing a carbon tax, and reducing social security benefits, but the probability of success is only 5%.

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(www.marketplace.org)
Tech Economic Models

Revolutionary Rechargeable-Free Nuclear Battery Developed

2025-07-17
Revolutionary Rechargeable-Free Nuclear Battery Developed

Researchers at South Korea's DGIST have developed a groundbreaking perovskite betavoltaic cell (PBC) powered by carbon-14, offering decades of power without recharging. By improving electron mobility and energy conversion efficiency through the use of perovskite materials and carbon-14 nanoparticles, the team created a battery with potential applications in various small devices, from pacemakers to space probes.

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(www.neowin.net)
Tech nuclear battery carbon-14

Sixth AI: Supercharge Your Coding Workflow with AI

2025-07-17
Sixth AI: Supercharge Your Coding Workflow with AI

Sixth AI is an AI-powered coding assistant for Visual Studio Code designed to boost developer productivity. It offers blazing-fast AI-powered code completion, a chat interface for generating, editing, and modifying multiple files simultaneously, codebase indexing for easy navigation, inline chat for direct code editing suggestions, terminal command generation, and smart code suggestions. Supporting a wide array of programming languages and frameworks, Sixth AI also features an active Discord community for support and feedback. Whether you're a beginner or an expert, Sixth AI promises to make your coding faster and smarter.

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(marketplace.visualstudio.com)
Development

ESA's Moonlight Programme: Paving the Way for a Lunar Economy

2025-07-17
ESA's Moonlight Programme: Paving the Way for a Lunar Economy

ESA's ambitious Moonlight programme aims to establish Europe's first dedicated satellite constellation for lunar communication and navigation. This constellation of five satellites will provide high-speed, low-latency communication and precise navigation for future lunar missions, supporting sustainable exploration and the development of a lunar economy. The first mission, Lunar Pathfinder, launches in 2026, paving the way for full operational capacity by 2030. Collaborating with NASA and JAXA under the LunaNet framework, Moonlight will also contribute to future Mars communication infrastructure.

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(www.esa.int)
Tech Satellite Constellation Space Communication

Symbian: The Forgotten Million-Device OS Source Code is Now Open Source

2025-07-17
Symbian: The Forgotten Million-Device OS Source Code is Now Open Source

The once-popular Symbian operating system's source code is now open-source on GitHub. Despite Nokia's massive investment and multiple UI iterations, Symbian ultimately failed to compete with Android and iOS. This article explores Symbian's rise and fall, its current neglected state, and the possibility of porting it to ARM devices like the Raspberry Pi. Symbian's open source nature offers developers a chance to learn, explore, and potentially spark new applications and innovation.

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(www.theregister.com)
Development

0 to 1: A Software Engineer's Two-Year Journey

2025-07-17

This blog post chronicles a software engineer's two-year work experience across multiple projects. He details the development of Maximus, a bug dashboard application, evolving from a static web app to a full-stack solution significantly improving team efficiency. He also recounts improving the quarterly service report generation process, migrating from outdated Excel VBA to a Python-based pipeline utilizing sqlite for data management. Additional tools were built, including one for comparing network device upgrade reports. Beyond work, he developed two personal projects: TweetLists.app, for sharing tweet lists; and Tiles.run, an AI-powered notebook. The author reflects on lessons learned in software development, teamwork, product strategy, and offers insights into his future plans.

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(aswinc.blog)
Development personal projects

Perplexity's India Gambit: Free AI for 360M Users

2025-07-17
Perplexity's India Gambit: Free AI for 360M Users

Perplexity, a US AI startup, is employing a classic Silicon Valley growth strategy: targeting India. They've partnered with Bharti Airtel, giving 360 million Airtel customers a year of free access to its premium Perplexity Pro service – the largest distribution deal of its kind globally. This isn't a watered-down trial; it's the full Pro version, including access to powerful models like GPT-4.1 and Claude. The move targets Airtel's paying subscribers, a massive segment of India's commercially valuable internet users, in a market projected to surpass 900 million users by 2025. This highlights India's importance as a key growth market for tech giants, but also underscores the fierce competition, with players like OpenAI and Google vying for market share. Despite India's vibrant AI startup scene, the country still lags in developing its own globally competitive LLMs. Perplexity's bold move exemplifies the high stakes and unique challenges of conquering this massive market.

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(indiadispatch.com)
Tech Growth Hacking

Barbados' Unique Dawn Horse Training Ritual

2025-07-17
Barbados' Unique Dawn Horse Training Ritual

Each dawn, a captivating spectacle unfolds on Barbados' Pebbles Beach: racehorses, guided by their grooms, take to the sea for a unique training regimen. Hailing mostly from the Garrison Savannah, one of the oldest racetracks in the Americas and Caribbean, these horses undergo a routine involving lunging in shallows, resistance training in deeper water, and extensive open-water swims. This unusual practice draws crowds of tourists and locals alike, highlighting the deep-rooted importance of horse racing in Bajan culture. Weekly races at the historic Garrison Savannah racetrack, including the popular Boxing Day Race, further solidify this vibrant tradition.

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(www.thedial.world)
Misc Horse Racing Barbados Cultural Tradition

Hacking Claude: Exploiting Compositional Risks in LLMs

2025-07-17
Hacking Claude: Exploiting Compositional Risks in LLMs

Security researcher Golan Yosef achieved code execution on Anthropic's Claude desktop app using a crafted Gmail email, not by exploiting vulnerabilities in the app itself, but by leveraging Claude's capabilities and trust mechanisms. Through an iterative process involving Claude, the researcher guided the LLM to refine its attack strategy, ultimately bypassing its built-in security. This highlights the critical 'compositional risk' in GenAI, where secure individual components can create insecure systems when combined. The research underscores the need for comprehensive security assessments of LLM-powered applications to address this novel attack vector.

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(www.pynt.io)
AI compositional risk

Undersea Cables Become Ocean Sensors: Monitoring Currents and Climate

2025-07-17
Undersea Cables Become Ocean Sensors: Monitoring Currents and Climate

Scientists have ingeniously repurposed existing transatlantic fiber-optic cables as ocean sensors, developing a new instrument that measures subtle changes in light signals to monitor water temperature and pressure. Without disrupting their primary function, the system uses reflections from repeaters spaced every 50-100 kilometers along the cable to measure variations in light travel time, inferring data such as daily and weekly water temperature and tide patterns. This groundbreaking research offers a cost-effective way to monitor the ocean environment, improving our understanding of ocean currents, climate change, and natural hazards like tsunamis.

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(phys.org)
Tech Fiber Optic Sensors Submarine Cables
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