TigerBeetle: A High-Performance OLTP Database Prioritizing Safety and Speed

2025-06-06

TigerBeetle is an Online Transactional Processing (OLTP) database built for double-entry accounting, emphasizing safety and speed. It leverages the Viewstamped Replication (VR) consensus protocol for Strong Serializable consistency. Unlike general-purpose databases, TigerBeetle only stores accounts and transfers, ideal for financial transactions and similar applications. For high-contention workloads, it funnels writes through a single core on the primary node, prioritizing scale-up over scale-out. Robust fault tolerance is a core design principle, with explicit models for various failures and mechanisms to prevent data loss even with single replica survival. A unique upgrade process uses multi-version binaries for seamless transitions. Jepsen testing revealed several bugs, primarily related to client handling and single-node failures, most of which were subsequently addressed by the TigerBeetle team.

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Development Fault Tolerance

Amazon RDS for PostgreSQL Multi-AZ Clusters Fail Snapshot Isolation

2025-04-29

Jepsen's testing reveals that Amazon RDS for PostgreSQL multi-AZ clusters don't fully guarantee snapshot isolation. Anomalies like G-nonadjacent cycles, violating snapshot isolation rules, were observed. These included Long Fork, suggesting RDS for PostgreSQL might offer the weaker Parallel Snapshot Isolation. This means read transactions may disagree on execution order under high concurrency. Users should be mindful of transaction structures, avoid Long Fork, or use only the writer endpoint to recover snapshot isolation.

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