Hidden Tax Bomb: How a 2017 Tax Code Tweak Triggered Tech Layoffs

A little-noticed change to Section 174 of the 2017 US tax code, effective in 2022, unexpectedly triggered a massive wave of layoffs in the tech industry. The amendment changed the immediate expensing of R&D costs to amortization over five or fifteen years, significantly increasing the tax burden for tech companies. This led to widespread layoffs, impacting companies of all sizes, resulting in the loss of hundreds of thousands of high-paying jobs. While over-hiring during the pandemic and the rise of AI are cited as causes, the Section 174 change acted as a hidden accelerant. A bipartisan effort is underway to repeal the change, but the damage is done, impacting far beyond the tech sector, and a reversal may be too late.
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