Topological Sort Algorithm Variant: Efficiently Handling Dependencies

This article presents an improved topological sorting algorithm based on Kahn's algorithm, but it treats nodes as sets instead of individual nodes. The algorithm iteratively finds the root sets of the graph, removes them, and repeats until the graph is empty. The order of the removed root sets forms a topological order, and nodes within the same root set are independent and can be processed in parallel. The algorithm can also detect cycles and return a partial topological ordering instead of completely aborting.