SingleFile: Save Entire Webpages as Single HTML Files

2024-12-21
SingleFile: Save Entire Webpages as Single HTML Files

SingleFile is a powerful web extension and CLI tool that saves complete web pages as a single HTML file. Compatible with Chrome, Firefox, Edge, and more, it offers convenient page saving, multi-tab processing, annotation capabilities, and even allows uploading saved pages to Google Drive or GitHub. Customize shortcuts and settings to tailor it to your needs.

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Development webpage saving

Qwen2.5-VL-32B: A 32B Parameter Visual-Language Model That's More Human-Friendly

2025-03-24
Qwen2.5-VL-32B: A 32B Parameter Visual-Language Model That's More Human-Friendly

Following the widespread acclaim of the Qwen2.5-VL series, we've open-sourced the new 32-billion parameter visual-language model, Qwen2.5-VL-32B-Instruct. This model boasts significant improvements in mathematical reasoning, fine-grained image understanding, and alignment with human preferences. Benchmarking reveals its superiority over comparable models in multimodal tasks (like MMMU, MMMU-Pro, and MathVista), even outperforming the larger 72-billion parameter Qwen2-VL-72B-Instruct. It also achieves top-tier performance in pure text capabilities at its scale.

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Robotic Milkmaids: Automating the Dairy Farm

2025-04-15
Robotic Milkmaids: Automating the Dairy Farm

Lely's autonomous robots are revolutionizing dairy farming. These robots handle milking, feeding, and cleaning, significantly reducing labor for farmers and increasing milk production. More frequent robotic milking reduces cow stress, leading to higher yields. While the initial cost is high, the robots pay for themselves over time through increased efficiency and lower labor costs. This technology not only boosts productivity but also improves cow welfare, leading to happier and healthier animals. Future AI integration promises further optimization and data-driven insights for more precise farm management.

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Tech Agritech

Jupiter: From Galileo's Telescope to Modern Probes

2025-06-03
Jupiter: From Galileo's Telescope to Modern Probes

Since Galileo's discovery of Jupiter's four largest moons in 1610, humanity's exploration of this gas giant has never ceased. Ancient civilizations observed Jupiter, but it wasn't until the Copernican and Keplerian revolutions and the subsequent scientific revolution that a more accurate understanding of the solar system emerged. Science fiction, starting in the 18th century, depicted Jupiter, evolving from early fantasies of an Earth-like environment to more scientifically accurate portrayals informed by data from probes like Pioneer 10/11, Voyager 1/2, Galileo, and Juno. Missions like JUICE and future endeavors continue to unravel Jupiter's mysteries and its moons, inspiring future science fiction stories.

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Tech

Mars Atmosphere Loss: Sputtering Caught in the Act

2025-05-30
Mars Atmosphere Loss: Sputtering Caught in the Act

For the first time, scientists have directly observed atmospheric sputtering, a key driver of Mars' ongoing atmospheric erosion. Nine years of satellite data revealed a correlation between argon density at high altitudes and the orientation of the solar wind's electric field, confirming sputtering and showing its strength is over four times higher than previously predicted. Solar storms dramatically increased the effect. This discovery is crucial for understanding Mars' atmospheric and water loss, and the habitability of early Solar System planets. The research is published in Science Advances.

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Spinning Globe on a Commodore PET: A Retro 8-bit Dev Story

2025-01-11
Spinning Globe on a Commodore PET: A Retro 8-bit Dev Story

This post details the creation of a spinning globe animation demo on a Commodore PET, written in 6502 assembly. The author cleverly uses PETSCII characters and bit vector techniques to cram a 32x32 pixel world map into 4.8KB of memory, achieving surprisingly smooth animation. The article dives into the data structure design, projection algorithm, and optimization strategies, showcasing impressive programming skills and a passion for retro game development.

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Efficiently Cleaning Up Logically Deleted Files in Object Storage: Lessons from WarpStream

2025-05-13
Efficiently Cleaning Up Logically Deleted Files in Object Storage: Lessons from WarpStream

This post details the author's experience in efficiently cleaning up logically deleted files in object storage when building distributed systems. Using bucket policies or synchronous deletion directly both have flaws: bucket policies can't handle complex systems with varying data retention needs, while synchronous deletion can lead to orphaned files. The author compares delayed queues and asynchronous reconciliation, ultimately adopting a hybrid approach: introducing an "optimistic deletion queue" in WarpStream Agents, combined with asynchronous reconciliation, for efficient and cost-effective file cleanup, effectively avoiding orphaned files. This approach leverages system characteristics and considers fault tolerance and disaster recovery.

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Development data cleanup

Airlines Secretly Charging Solo Travelers More

2025-05-29
Airlines Secretly Charging Solo Travelers More

A recent investigation revealed that the three largest US airlines (Delta, American, and United) are charging solo travelers higher fares than those booking for multiple passengers. Airlines adjust fare classes based on the number of passengers; solo travelers often only see higher-priced tickets, while group bookings unlock cheaper "deep discount" fares. This isn't universal, but it's confirmed and could significantly cost solo travelers more. Airlines have not commented, but the practice appears to be another method of segmenting customers to extract higher profits from business travelers.

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Onlook: An Open-Source, Visual-First Code Editor for Designers

2025-06-02
Onlook: An Open-Source, Visual-First Code Editor for Designers

Onlook is an open-source, visual-first code editor built with Next.js and TailwindCSS, enabling designers to edit directly within the browser's DOM and see code changes in real-time. It features AI assistance, drag-and-drop layout adjustments, and the ability to right-click an element to jump directly to its code location. Currently under active development, Onlook welcomes contributions from the community.

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Development

EU MEPs Use Faraday Bags in Hungary Amid Spying Concerns

2025-04-18
EU MEPs Use Faraday Bags in Hungary Amid Spying Concerns

A delegation of EU lawmakers visiting Hungary is using Faraday bags to protect their devices from potential surveillance, highlighting deep concerns over the country's human rights record and alleged use of spyware against opposition figures, journalists, and civil society. Previous reports have detailed Hungarian intelligence agencies allegedly spying on EU officials. The incident underscores the strained relationship between Hungary and the EU, fueled by ongoing disputes over democratic backsliding and rule of law issues.

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Misc

Physics-Informed Neural Networks: Solving Physics Equations with Deep Learning

2025-02-17

This article introduces a novel method for solving physics equations using Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINNs). Unlike traditional supervised learning, PINNs directly use the differential equation as a loss function, leveraging the powerful function approximation capabilities of neural networks to learn the solution to the equation. The author demonstrates the application of PINNs in solving different types of differential equations using the simple harmonic oscillator and heat equation as examples. Comparisons with traditional numerical methods show that PINNs can achieve high-accuracy solutions with limited training data, especially advantageous when dealing with complex geometries.

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Pope Leo XIV Rejects AI Papal Avatar: Tech Development Needs Human Connection

2025-09-24
Pope Leo XIV Rejects AI Papal Avatar: Tech Development Needs Human Connection

Pope Leo XIV has rejected a proposal to create an AI-powered virtual version of himself, which would have allowed Catholics worldwide to have virtual audiences. The Pope expressed concerns that an AI representation would be inappropriate, and voiced worries about AI's potential to cause job displacement and exacerbate social inequality. He stressed that technological advancement must be balanced with faith and humanity, preventing technology from becoming a cold, empty shell that neglects human values. This decision echoes the concerns previously raised by Pope Francis, highlighting the importance of upholding ethics and social fairness in the face of technological progress.

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ZEUS Laser: Michigan's 2-Petawatt Powerhouse Shatters US Records

2025-05-21
ZEUS Laser: Michigan's 2-Petawatt Powerhouse Shatters US Records

The University of Michigan's ZEUS laser facility has achieved a groundbreaking milestone, reaching 2 petawatts (2 quadrillion watts) in its first official experiment, making it the most powerful laser in the U.S. While this immense power—over 100 times the global electricity output—lasts only for a fleeting 25 quintillionths of a second, its applications are vast, spanning medicine, national security, materials science, astrophysics, and more. As a user facility, ZEUS welcomes research teams from across the globe to submit proposals. The laser employs innovative techniques to generate high-energy electron beams and is poised for a landmark experiment later this year, aiming to reach zettawatt-scale pulses.

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Tech

US Could Lift Supersonic Flight Ban After 52 Years

2025-05-17
US Could Lift Supersonic Flight Ban After 52 Years

A bipartisan bill aims to lift the decades-long ban on supersonic flight over the continental US, contingent on eliminating ground-level sonic booms. Backed by figures like Elon Musk and with technological advancements from NASA, the bill seeks to allow a new generation of quieter supersonic jets. The legislation highlights a renewed competition with China, which is actively pursuing its own supersonic aviation goals. The history of sonic boom testing and the resulting ban are also explored, leading to renewed hope for faster air travel and American leadership in aviation.

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Tech

Global PC and Smartphone Market Growth Slows, India Poised to Benefit

2025-04-23
Global PC and Smartphone Market Growth Slows, India Poised to Benefit

UBS and Gartner have significantly lowered their global PC and smartphone market growth forecasts due to trade tariffs and macroeconomic uncertainties impacting consumer demand. Global PC shipments are expected to grow only 2% in 2025 and 2026, while smartphone shipments will grow 1% and remain flat, respectively. The US market will be disproportionately affected, with PC demand expected to decline. However, India is poised to benefit as Apple and Samsung shift production away from China to avoid US tariffs. Manufacturers are diversifying from China, strengthening India's role in hardware manufacturing.

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The Hydraulic Analogy: A Detriment to Electronics Education

2024-12-30
The Hydraulic Analogy: A Detriment to Electronics Education

Many introductory electronics textbooks use the hydraulic analogy to explain circuits, comparing electric current to water flow and batteries to pumps. However, the author argues this analogy is deeply flawed, especially when explaining semiconductor components like JFETs and MOSFETs. The analogy fails to accurately represent their characteristic curves, ultimately hindering learning. The author advocates abandoning this inaccurate analogy and instead learning electronics from more fundamental principles.

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Trump Admin's Massive Immigration Database Raises Privacy Fears

2025-04-27
Trump Admin's Massive Immigration Database Raises Privacy Fears

The Trump administration's Department of Government Efficiency (DOGE), in collaboration with Palantir, is building a massive database integrating sensitive data from various federal agencies to expedite immigration enforcement and deportations. This aims to create "target lists" for quick identification and removal of undocumented immigrants. However, the plan has sparked significant privacy concerns and legal challenges. Democratic lawmakers accuse DOGE of unlawfully exploiting Americans' personal data and question the database's accuracy and security. Former Homeland Security officials also express concerns about Palantir's capabilities, suggesting it might be insufficient for the complex logistical planning involved. The database's development is ongoing, and its future impact remains uncertain.

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Tech

Nextcloud Accuses Google of Deliberately Crippling its Android Files App

2025-05-13
Nextcloud Accuses Google of Deliberately Crippling its Android Files App

European software vendor Nextcloud has accused Google of deliberately crippling its Android Files application, which boasts over 800,000 users. The issue centers around the 'All files access' permission, necessary for the app's file synchronization functionality. While Google offers privacy-focused alternatives, Nextcloud argues these are insufficient. Google revoked this permission in 2024, effectively breaking the app on the Play Store. Nextcloud believes this is part of a larger pattern of anti-competitive behavior by Big Tech, citing slow-moving regulatory processes and the lack of recourse for smaller companies. The app remains functional on F-Droid.

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Development Anti-competitive

AES vs. ChaCha20: The Elegance of Simplicity in Cryptography

2025-04-14
AES vs. ChaCha20: The Elegance of Simplicity in Cryptography

This article explores two widely used symmetric encryption algorithms: AES and ChaCha20. While AES is powerful, its complex structure makes it vulnerable to cache-timing attacks and slower without hardware acceleration. In contrast, ChaCha20 uses simpler ARX operations, resulting in faster speeds, higher security, and consistent performance across various architectures, avoiding cache-timing attacks. The article concludes that simpler designs often lead to greater security, efficiency, and understandability, with ChaCha20 being a prime example of this principle.

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Whoop 5.0 Upgrade U-Turn: Free or Fee?

2025-05-11
Whoop 5.0 Upgrade U-Turn: Free or Fee?

Fitness tracker maker Whoop faced a backlash over its Whoop 5.0 upgrade policy. Initially, Whoop announced users would need to pay extra or extend subscriptions to upgrade, contradicting its previous promise of free upgrades. This sparked outrage. Facing criticism, Whoop quickly revised its policy, offering free upgrades to users with over 12 months remaining on their subscription and allowing shorter-term subscribers to extend for a free upgrade. While Whoop claimed this was a response to user feedback, some users questioned the veracity of its prior free upgrade claims. The incident highlights the importance of product upgrade strategies and user communication.

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Zed Editor 2025 Roadmap: Enhancing Vim Mode and User Experience

2025-01-29
Zed Editor 2025 Roadmap: Enhancing Vim Mode and User Experience

The Zed editor team has released its 2025 roadmap, focusing on improving Vim mode and enhancing the overall user experience. Plans include boosting the non-editor user experience with improvements to the command palette, filename completion, and command history; increasing Vim mode compatibility by addressing edge cases and using side-by-side testing with Neovim; and improving the multi-cursor experience for smoother, easier use. The roadmap aims to make Zed an editor that combines the power of Vim with a modern user experience.

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Development Zed editor

arXivLabs: Community-Driven Experiments on arXiv

2025-07-09
arXivLabs: Community-Driven Experiments on arXiv

arXivLabs is a framework enabling collaborators to build and share new features directly on the arXiv website. Individuals and organizations participating in arXivLabs uphold arXiv's values of openness, community, excellence, and user data privacy. arXiv is committed to these principles and only partners with those who share them. Got an idea for a project that benefits the arXiv community? Learn more about arXivLabs.

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Development

Heavy Social Media Use Linked to Higher Irritability

2025-01-23
Heavy Social Media Use Linked to Higher Irritability

A study published in JAMA Network Open found a correlation between frequent social media use and higher levels of irritability among US adults. The research, involving 42,597 participants, revealed that even after accounting for anxiety and depression, frequent use, especially among active posters, was associated with increased irritability scores. A dose-response relationship was observed, with TikTok users exhibiting the largest increase in irritability when posting multiple times daily. Political engagement also correlated with higher irritability levels. The findings suggest a potential feedback loop between social media use and irritability.

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T-Carrier: The Forgotten Backbone of Early Internet

2025-09-25
T-Carrier: The Forgotten Backbone of Early Internet

This article delves into the history of T-carrier technology, a digital carrier system that played a crucial role in the evolution of telecommunications and the early internet. Known for its reliability and low latency, T1 lines, a common type of T-carrier, were a prevalent choice for commercial internet access, particularly in online gaming, despite their relatively low bandwidth compared to later technologies like DSL. The article explains the technical details of T-carrier, its relationship to ISDN and SONET, and its eventual decline, highlighting its lasting impact on modern networking.

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Tech T-carrier

Static Search Trees: 40x Faster Than Binary Search

2025-01-01

This blog post details the implementation and optimization of a static search tree (S+ tree) for high-throughput searching of sorted data, achieving a 40x speedup over binary search. Starting with code from Algorithmica, the author meticulously optimizes the search algorithm through vectorization, SIMD instructions, and batching. Deep dives into assembly code reveal opportunities for further performance gains. Various tree layouts and memory strategies are explored, ultimately resulting in a highly efficient solution that reduces query time from 1150ns to 24ns on a 1GB dataset.

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C++ Metaprogramming: Ditching IILEs in Favor of Expansion Statements and Structured Bindings

2025-03-26

This blog post explores how to streamline C++ metaprogramming, reducing reliance on Immediately Invoked Lambda Expressions (IILEs) by leveraging the `expand` helper, expansion statements, and structured bindings. It details element-wise expansion, early returns, and returning values, showing how to transform arbitrary ranges into packs for efficient compile-time data manipulation. These techniques significantly improve code readability and maintainability, avoiding verbose coding practices.

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Evaluating the Hijacking Risk of AI Agents: Adversarial Testing Reveals Vulnerabilities

2025-03-16
Evaluating the Hijacking Risk of AI Agents:  Adversarial Testing Reveals Vulnerabilities

The US AI Safety Institute (US AISI) evaluated the risk of AI agent hijacking using the AgentDojo framework, testing Anthropic's Claude 3.5 Sonnet model. Key findings highlight the need for continuous improvement of evaluation frameworks, adaptive evaluations to account for evolving attack methods, and the importance of analyzing task-specific attack success rates. The study introduced new attack scenarios like remote code execution, database exfiltration, and automated phishing, demonstrating their effectiveness across different environments. This research underscores the need for iterative improvements in AI security evaluation frameworks to address the ever-evolving threat of AI agent hijacking.

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The End of Cheap Imports? US De Minimis Exemption Scrapped

2025-09-02
The End of Cheap Imports? US De Minimis Exemption Scrapped

A few years ago, I easily found a unicorn rug on Etsy for half the price of Anthropologie's. This was thanks to the US de minimis exemption, allowing small import goods to enter duty-free. Now, the Trump administration has ended this nearly century-old policy, meaning higher tariffs on goods from all countries. This will lead to price increases, reduced availability, and longer shipping times for many items, impacting consumer habits. The end of the exemption not only increases shopping costs but also might kill niche markets and force us to reconsider our consumption habits, avoiding unnecessary overspending.

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Instacar Bypasses Apple's Payment System, Sparking Controversy

2025-05-15
Instacar Bypasses Apple's Payment System, Sparking Controversy

The app Instacar, unavailable in the US App Store, displays a warning in the EU App Store for using an external payment system, bypassing Apple's private and secure payment system. The article argues that Apple's understanding of online payments is naive, clinging to the outdated notion that its system's security is a unique advantage. This ignores the fact that mainstream online payment platforms like Stripe and Amazon already offer secure and private transactions.

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Google's Android Desktop Mode: A DeX Challenger?

2025-05-13
Google's Android Desktop Mode: A DeX Challenger?

Google is developing a new desktop interface for Android phones called "Desktop View," featuring a persistent taskbar and resizable, freeform windows. This represents a significant step towards offering a PC-like multitasking experience, potentially challenging Samsung DeX's dominance. While still under development, 'Desktop View' already boasts impressive features like a persistent taskbar, resizable windows, and drag-and-drop functionality, hinting at a powerful desktop experience for Android users beyond Samsung devices.

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Development Multitasking
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