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arXivLabs: Experimental Projects with Community Collaboration

2025-06-08
arXivLabs: Experimental Projects with Community Collaboration

arXivLabs is a framework for collaborators to develop and share new arXiv features directly on the website. Participants share arXiv's values of openness, community, excellence, and user data privacy. arXiv only works with partners adhering to these values. Got an idea to improve the arXiv community? Learn more about arXivLabs.

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(arxiv.org)
Development

Desktop-TUI: A Graphics-Free Desktop Environment

2025-09-11
Desktop-TUI: A Graphics-Free Desktop Environment

Desktop-TUI is a tmux-like desktop environment without a graphical interface. It parses shortcut files to launch applications and commands, supporting window movement, resizing, tiling options, and handling application errors and GNU application crashes. Users can select files or folders as application or command arguments. Currently using ncurses (with color issues), it plans to switch to Crossterm. Install via `cargo install desktop-tui` and run with `cargo run -- `. Shortcut files (e.g., helix.toml) use TOML format to define application names, commands, and arguments.

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(github.com)
Development

MUMPS: The Unsung Hero of Healthcare Databases

2025-06-13

MUMPS, a programming language born in the 1960s, was initially developed to manage patient medical records at Massachusetts General Hospital. Its unique integrated database capabilities have made it the dominant database for health information systems and electronic health records in the US, serving over 78% of patients. The history of MUMPS is a story of innovation and adaptation, from its early versions on PDP-7 to today's open-source implementations and commercial products. It has witnessed the rapid evolution of computing technology and continues to provide critical support for the healthcare industry.

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(en.wikipedia.org)
Development healthcare IT

XSLT: Not Legacy, But Underrated XML Transformation Powerhouse

2025-07-21

While JSON and microservices dominate modern development, XML and its transformation language, XSLT, quietly power enterprise systems in finance, healthcare, and more. Many teams mistakenly replace XSLT with verbose procedural code, leading to slower development cycles and underperforming systems. This article highlights XSLT's advantages: declarative pattern matching, efficient memory usage (via streaming), powerful XPath querying, modular design, error handling, and interoperability with non-XML data like JSON. XSLT 3.0 enhances its capabilities for modern data challenges. The author advocates for appreciating XSLT's strengths and using skilled developers to leverage its power for efficient and robust systems.

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(www.xml.com)
Development Data Transformation

Windows 11 September Update: Copilot Enhancements, Customizable Lock Screen Widgets

2025-08-21
Windows 11 September Update: Copilot Enhancements, Customizable Lock Screen Widgets

Microsoft is preparing a major feature drop for Windows 11 users in September. The update includes Copilot enhancements like improved Recall and Click To Do, alongside improvements for all users such as enhanced Windows Search (images displayed in a grid view), customizable lock screen widgets, and a redesigned Windows Hello interface. Additionally, the taskbar calendar flyout will once again display seconds, and Task Manager has been updated. Copilot+ PC users will get a new Recall landing page and a new Click To Do tutorial. Future updates include a more customizable Start menu and improved system-wide dark mode.

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(www.windowscentral.com)
Tech

Failed Experiment: A Git-Based Code Review Tool

2025-08-21
Failed Experiment: A Git-Based Code Review Tool

The author experimented with a tool called `git-review` to improve GitHub's code review process. The core idea was to treat code review as a commit stored within the repository, using in-code comments for review. However, the experiment was not successful. While adding comments directly to the code was highly efficient, modifying code under review proved tricky, especially dealing with conflicts and the friction of using `git push --force-with-lease`. The author ultimately abandoned the project but believes the core idea—in-code review—is valuable, and looks forward to future possibilities of improving code review through Git improvements.

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(tigerbeetle.com)
Development

China's Robotics Surge: A Manufacturing Revolution Overtaking the West

2025-03-11
China's Robotics Surge: A Manufacturing Revolution Overtaking the West

A SemiAnalysis report reveals China's rapid ascent in robotics, posing a significant challenge to the US and the West. China's manufacturing prowess, coupled with substantial government support, has led to dominance across the robotics value chain, from components to assembly. Chinese companies are outpacing Western competitors in cost, scale, and iteration speed, particularly in humanoid robots. This isn't just economic competition; it's an existential threat. The US and other Western nations need to act decisively to avoid being sidelined in the coming robotics revolution.

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(semianalysis.com)
Tech US-China Competition

The Untapped Power of Off-Topic Communication in Remote Work

2025-08-10

This article argues that off-topic communication is crucial for successful remote teams. The author recounts personal experiences spanning a decade of remote work, highlighting how casual conversations in IRC channels fostered team cohesion and understanding in their early career. Conversely, during the pandemic, they observed a stark contrast in teams lacking such spaces, leading to decreased morale and productivity. The author emphasizes that creating channels isn't enough; leadership must actively participate and cultivate a culture that values informal interactions, mirroring the natural water cooler conversations of in-office settings. The success of remote work hinges not just on tools, but on building genuine human connections.

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(blog.tadzik.net)
Development

Anna's Archive MCP Server: Search and Download Documents

2025-07-10
Anna's Archive MCP Server: Search and Download Documents

This is an MCP server for searching and downloading documents from Anna's Archive. It allows searching for documents matching specified terms and downloading specific documents previously returned by the search tool. The software explicitly disclaims endorsement of unauthorized acquisition of copyrighted material and should be considered solely a utility. Users are urged to respect intellectual property rights. Requires two environment variables: ANNAS_SECRET_KEY (API key) and ANNAS_DOWNLOAD_PATH (download path).

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(github.com)
Development document search document download

Artificial Amnion: A Medical Breakthrough

2025-05-21

Scientists have developed a groundbreaking artificial amnion called PGAs, which replicates the structure and function of a natural amnion, offering a revolutionary advancement in medicine. Amniotic sac membranes, known for their regenerative, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial properties, are currently used in various procedures including corneal reconstruction, uterine lining repair, and burn/ulcer treatment. This innovation tackles the limitations of relying on donated tissues, potentially allowing for growth from a patient's own cells. The research opens doors to studying later stages of human development and provides a fast, cheap, and scalable way to source amniotic membranes for medical applications.

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(www.crick.ac.uk)
Tech artificial amnion

rqlite's Testing Strategy: A Pyramid Approach to Efficiency

2025-01-14

rqlite, a lightweight, open-source, distributed relational database built on SQLite and Raft, prioritizes reliability and quality through a rigorous testing strategy. This article details how rqlite adheres to the testing pyramid, prioritizing unit tests as the foundation, supplemented by system tests and a minimal number of end-to-end tests for efficiency and debuggability. Unit tests dominate, ensuring component independence and testability; system tests validate the interaction between the Raft consensus module and SQLite; end-to-end tests serve as a final sanity check. The article also highlights the importance of performance testing and shares lessons learned, such as optimizing fsync calls identified as a bottleneck through performance testing. rqlite's success demonstrates how this strategy maintains high quality while minimizing overhead.

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(philipotoole.com)
Development software testing strategy

Bulgaria's Controversial Euro Adoption: A Deep Dive

2025-06-29
Bulgaria's Controversial Euro Adoption: A Deep Dive

Bulgaria, a Balkan nation of 6.4 million, is set to adopt the euro on January 1st, 2024, replacing its national currency, the lev. This decision is steeped in controversy. While proponents highlight potential benefits like lower interest rates and increased trade within the Eurozone, opponents express concerns about inflation and the loss of monetary sovereignty. Despite pegging the lev to the euro since 1999 and possessing low debt levels, Bulgaria faces challenges related to corruption and money laundering. Although the European Commission and ECB have approved Bulgaria's entry, public opinion remains divided, with significant opposition fueled by misinformation and distrust in institutions.

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(www.euronews.com)
Tech Eurozone Bulgaria Currency Union

Hair-Based Toothpaste: A Sustainable Solution for Enamel Repair

2025-08-16
Hair-Based Toothpaste: A Sustainable Solution for Enamel Repair

Scientists at King's College London have discovered that keratin, a protein found in hair, skin, and wool, can repair tooth enamel and prevent early decay. This revolutionary approach utilizes minerals in saliva to create a protective layer mimicking natural enamel, eliminating the need for toxic resins. The keratin-based toothpaste or gel is projected to be available within two to three years, offering a sustainable and clinically effective alternative for dental care. This groundbreaking research marks a significant step forward in regenerative dentistry, transforming waste into a valuable clinical resource.

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(www.kcl.ac.uk)
Tech regenerative dentistry keratin sustainable toothpaste

Open-R1: Open-Source Reproduction of DeepSeek-R1 Reasoning Model

2025-01-28
Open-R1: Open-Source Reproduction of DeepSeek-R1 Reasoning Model

DeepSeek-R1's impressive reasoning capabilities have captivated the AI community, but its training details remain undisclosed. The Open-R1 project aims to fully reproduce DeepSeek-R1 in the open source, including datasets and training pipeline. This will involve distilling a high-quality reasoning dataset from DeepSeek-R1, replicating its pure reinforcement learning training process, and exploring multi-stage training methods. The ultimate goal is to create a transparent and reproducible reasoning model, driving advancements within the open-source community.

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(huggingface.co)
AI

Critical Flaw in ASUS MyAsus Exposes Millions of User Accounts

2025-06-24

A security researcher discovered a critical vulnerability in ASUS's MyAsus software, potentially exposing millions of user accounts since August 2022. Hardcoded encrypted credentials with administrator-level permissions allowed access to sensitive data including names, dates of birth, phone numbers, addresses, support ticket contents, and RMA requests. The researcher responsibly disclosed the vulnerability to ASUS, which was patched in May. This highlights the importance of software security and the need for better incentives for security researchers from companies.

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(mrbruh.com)
Tech

IBM Fellow Emeritus Richard Garwin Passes Away at 97

2025-05-17

Richard Garwin, IBM Fellow Emeritus and longtime advisor to U.S. presidents, passed away at age 97. His seven-decade career saw him significantly impact the development of MRI machines, laser printers, touchscreens, and even the hydrogen bomb. A recipient of the Presidential Medal of Science and the Medal of Freedom, Garwin's contributions to science and government spanned decades, influencing technologies that shape our daily lives. His 41 years at IBM yielded 47 patents and over 500 research papers.

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(research.ibm.com)
Tech Tech Pioneer Scientific Contributions

Volt Boot: Exploiting Power Domain Isolation to Bypass On-Chip SRAM Security

2025-07-29

This paper introduces Volt Boot, a novel attack that leverages power domain isolation in modern Systems-on-a-Chip (SoCs) to compromise the security of sensitive information stored in on-chip SRAM. Traditional cold boot attacks are ineffective against on-chip SRAM, but Volt Boot achieves cross-power-cycle SRAM data retention by maintaining the voltage of the target memory domain during system reset. Experiments on three commercially available Cortex-A processors successfully extracted data from caches, CPU registers, and iRAM, demonstrating the attack's effectiveness. The research highlights new security challenges for systems relying on on-chip computation and proposes countermeasures such as eliminating power domain isolation, purging residual memory, resetting SRAM at startup, and enforcing TrustZone support.

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(cacm.acm.org)
Tech chip security cold boot attack power domain isolation

UnitedHealth's Aggressive PR Counteroffensive After CEO Murder

2025-02-09
UnitedHealth's Aggressive PR Counteroffensive After CEO Murder

Following the shockwave of its CEO's murder, UnitedHealth Group is aggressively defending its image. They've sued a plastic surgeon for criticizing their claims process on social media and are blocking shareholder proposals for third-party audits of claim denials. They also reported billionaire investor Bill Ackman to the SEC for short-selling speculation. UnitedHealth's actions show a firm stance in managing its PR crisis and protecting its interests, highlighting the complexities and controversies within the US healthcare insurance industry.

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(www.rollingstone.com)
Tech healthcare insurance PR crisis

Amazon Releases Dafny-Based Program Verification Course

2025-06-02

Amazon has open-sourced teaching materials for program verification using Dafny. The course goes beyond basic Dafny programming, delving into its capabilities as a proof assistant. It's structured in three parts: Part 1 introduces Dafny as a programming language; Part 2 explores Dafny as a proof assistant, covering formal proof methods like natural deduction; and Part 3 applies this knowledge to program verification, covering functional, imperative, and object-oriented programs. This resource is suitable for beginners and experienced Dafny developers alike, offering a comprehensive approach to program verification.

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(dafny.org)
Development formal proof

California Surpasses Gas Stations in EV Chargers

2025-03-31
California Surpasses Gas Stations in EV Chargers

California has reached a major milestone: 178,549 public and shared private EV chargers, exceeding the number of gas nozzles by 48%. Governor Newsom highlighted this achievement, contrasting California's pro-EV stance with federal policies. The California Energy Commission estimates over 162,000 Level 2 and nearly 17,000 DC fast chargers, plus an estimated 700,000+ Level 2 home chargers. A $1.4 billion investment plan is expanding zero-emission infrastructure, including projects like the Fast Charge California Project installing DC fast chargers in public spaces.

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(electrek.co)
Tech

Sirius: A GPU-Native SQL Engine 10x Faster

2025-06-29
Sirius: A GPU-Native SQL Engine 10x Faster

Sirius is a GPU-native SQL engine that seamlessly integrates with existing databases like DuckDB via the Substrait standard, requiring no query rewrites or major system changes. In TPC-H benchmarks at SF=100, Sirius achieves approximately a 10x speedup over existing CPU query engines at the same hardware cost, making it ideal for interactive analytics, financial workloads, and ETL jobs. Currently supporting DuckDB and soon Doris, with more systems planned. Installation options include AWS images, Docker images, and manual installation. While under active development, Sirius demonstrates impressive performance, ushering in a new GPU era for data analytics.

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(github.com)
Tech GPU database SQL engine performance boost

Git Smart Squash: AI-Powered Git Commit History Cleanup

2025-06-20
Git Smart Squash: AI-Powered Git Commit History Cleanup

Tired of spending 30 minutes reorganizing commits before a PR? Git Smart Squash uses AI to automatically organize your changes into logical, well-structured commits in seconds. It analyzes your diff, groups related changes together, and creates clean commit messages that follow conventional commit standards. Supports local AI (Ollama) and cloud AI (OpenAI, Anthropic, Gemini), offering a safe and reliable backup mechanism to ensure your original commits are always saved. Handles even large diffs by allowing you to break your work into smaller chunks or switching to a cloud AI provider.

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(github.com)
Development Code Cleanup

Zig Compiler Makes Strides: AArch64 Backend and Performance Boosts

2025-07-25

The Zig compiler team made significant progress in 2025. They completed the AArch64 backend, which outperforms the x86 backend, resulting in substantial speed improvements and a smaller compiler executable size. Furthermore, parallelization of the x86_64 backend drastically improved compilation speed, with some test cases showing up to a 50% increase. These improvements mark the Zig compiler's best performance yet.

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(ziglang.org)
Development

Yash: A New Shell Aiming for Ultimate POSIX Compliance

2025-02-15
Yash: A New Shell Aiming for Ultimate POSIX Compliance

Yash is a POSIX-compliant command-line shell written in C99, striving for ultimate POSIX compliance. It boasts features like global aliases, arrays, various redirection methods, brace expansion, extended globbing, fractional arithmetic, command completion, and command prediction. Maintained on GitHub, Yash largely conforms to POSIX.1-2008 and receives regular maintenance updates. It builds and runs on various POSIX environments, primarily tested on Fedora, macOS, and Cygwin. Post-installation, users can customize environment variables, aliases, prompts, and more through configuration files.

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(github.com)
Development Command-line

The Wallflower Fractal: A Decade-Long Mathematical Odyssey

2025-05-22

Starting from a simple geometric doodle from middle school, the author delves into a decade-long mathematical exploration. The fractal pattern, affectionately called "the wallflower," can be generated using iterative algorithms or L-systems. The author discovers subtle differences between the patterns generated by these two methods, and reveals the connection between them through the introduction of a matrix base number system and vector digits, explaining the origin of the "approximately 27-degree" rotation angle. Further, the author explores 3D and 4D extensions of the fractal and proposes a novel number system based on quaternions. This article is full of mathematical ingenuity and surprising discoveries, showcasing the beauty of mathematics and the joy of exploration.

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(chriskw.xyz)
Misc

Record-Breaking Auction: Martian Meteorite and Dino Skeleton Fetch Millions

2025-07-19
Record-Breaking Auction: Martian Meteorite and Dino Skeleton Fetch Millions

A Sotheby's auction in New York saw a 54-pound Martian meteorite, NWA 16788, sell for over $5.3 million, setting a record for the most expensive meteorite ever sold. However, the real star was a rare juvenile Ceratosaurus nasicornis skeleton, which fetched a staggering $30.5 million after a fierce bidding war. This is only one of four known complete skeletons of this species, and the only known juvenile. The meteorite, discovered in the Sahara Desert, journeyed millions of miles through space before landing on Earth.

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(apnews.com)
Tech meteorite auction dinosaur skeleton Sotheby's

A Philosophy of Software Design: Taming Complexity for Maintainability

2025-08-11
A Philosophy of Software Design: Taming Complexity for Maintainability

This article summarizes the core ideas from the book "A Philosophy of Software Design," which emphasizes reducing software system complexity to enhance maintainability. Complexity stems from dependencies and obscurity, manifesting as change amplification, high cognitive load, and unknown unknowns. Dependencies primarily arise from duplication, exceptions, inheritance, and temporal decomposition; obscurity results from vague names, inconsistency, and inadequate documentation. The author advocates for strategic programming, which involves investing time in clean designs and problem-solving alongside new feature implementation, thereby preventing complexity accumulation. The ultimate goal is to write software that is not only functional but also easily maintainable.

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(dafoster.net)
Development maintainability

Munich 2025: A Repeat of History?

2025-02-18
Munich 2025: A Repeat of History?

As American and Russian negotiators meet in Munich for a major security conference in 2025, the author draws parallels to the 1938 Munich Agreement. Using the 1938 invasion of Czechoslovakia as a cautionary tale, the piece highlights the dangers of appeasement. The author argues that the current Russo-Ukrainian War mirrors the situation then, with Putin's denial of Ukraine's legitimacy echoing Hitler's denial of Czechoslovakia's. The article contrasts scenarios of Czechoslovakian and Ukrainian resistance versus hypothetical surrender. Ukraine's resistance, the author contends, prevented a wider war and slowed nuclear proliferation. Criticizing the Trump administration's appeasement of Russia, the author warns this approach will lead to longer and bloodier conflict. Ultimately, the author warns that appeasing Putin risks a world war.

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(snyder.substack.com)
Misc Russo-Ukrainian War historical parallels

Go Program: Convert Security Audit JSON to Markdown Report

2025-03-23
Go Program: Convert Security Audit JSON to Markdown Report

A simple Go program converts `security-audit.json` to `security-audit.md` for use in CI pipelines. An example report is provided, along with example CI integration files (`dependency-audit.yml` and `dependency-audit-only-when-detected.yml`), the latter only creating a GitHub issue if vulnerabilities are detected. The program allows customization of input and output file paths and offers an option to fail if no vulnerabilities are found.

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(github.com)
Development Security Audit
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