Tardigrade Tattoos: A Micromanufacturing Breakthrough

Scientists used nearly indestructible tardigrades to test a new micromanufacturing technique. They 'tattooed' the creatures with patterns as small as 72 nanometers wide using an electron beam. The process, called ice lithography, involves carving patterns into a layer of ice coating the tardigrades, then sublimating the ice to leave the pattern behind. Around 40% of the tardigrades survived and showed no behavioral changes. This technique could revolutionize biomedical engineering and microelectronics, paving the way for microscopic biosensors and microbial cyborgs.