Fully Homomorphic Encryption: Towards a Truly Private Internet

Fully Homomorphic Encryption (FHE) allows arbitrary computations on ciphertext without decryption. This means data can remain encrypted across the internet, preventing breaches and enabling true privacy. While currently slow, FHE's speed is improving 8x yearly. In the future, FHE may power encrypted cloud computing, encrypted large language model inference, and confidential blockchain smart contracts, potentially disrupting data-harvesting business models and shifting the internet from 'spy by default' to 'privacy by default'.