The Unexpected Rise of the German Research University
This article explores the astonishing transformation of German universities from backward institutions in the 18th century to leading research powerhouses in the 19th. Initially hampered by medieval structures and a lack of research focus, reforms at Göttingen, emphasizing publication records and reputation, laid the groundwork. The Romantic movement further fueled change, prioritizing holistic knowledge and research. This culminated in the Berlin model, a research university integrating teaching and research, cultivating students' learning and critical thinking, profoundly shaping global higher education.
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