Unordered Rooted Ternary Trees: A Sage-Powered Combinatorial Adventure

2025-04-08
Unordered Rooted Ternary Trees: A Sage-Powered Combinatorial Adventure

This blog post tackles the challenging problem of counting unordered rooted ternary trees using analytic combinatorics, specifically the Flajolet-Sedgewick method. The author first solves the simpler case of ordered trees, deriving an asymptotic approximation via generating functions and singularity analysis, all implemented and verified in Sage. The more complex unordered case is then addressed using Pólya-Redfield counting, leading to a numerical solution and asymptotic formula, again validated with Sage. The post provides a clear and engaging explanation of complex analysis concepts such as Puiseux series and offers readily usable Sage code, making it a valuable resource for those interested in the intersection of algorithms and mathematics.

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The Mathematical Magic Behind Undergraduate Divisibility Problems

2025-01-20
The Mathematical Magic Behind Undergraduate Divisibility Problems

This blog post explores the origin of common problems in undergraduate mathematics courses, such as proving that a polynomial is always a multiple of a certain integer. The author points out that these problems stem from combinatorial counting, specifically Pólya-Redfield counting. This method uses the orbit-counting formula under group action to connect the value of a polynomial to the counting of a certain combinatorial structure, ensuring the polynomial is always a multiple of a specific integer. The article uses two examples, bracelet counting and tic-tac-toe board counting, to explain how Pólya-Redfield counting is used to construct these problems. It also proposes a conjecture about whether all such polynomials originate from Pólya-Redfield counting.

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