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Ancient Galaxy's Oxygen Discovery Challenges Early Universe Theories

2025-03-20

Astronomers using the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) have detected oxygen in JADES-GS-z14-0, the most distant galaxy ever confirmed. Light from this galaxy traveled 13.4 billion years to reach us, showing it as it was when the universe was just 300 million years old. The surprising discovery of significant amounts of oxygen, a heavy element, suggests the galaxy is far more chemically mature than expected—a 'teenager' instead of an 'infant.' This challenges prevailing theories about galaxy formation in the early universe and prompts a rethink of how rapidly galaxies evolved.

World's Darkest Skies Threatened by Chilean Megaproject

2025-01-12

The Paranal Observatory in Chile's Atacama Desert, boasting the world's darkest and clearest skies, faces a critical threat. A massive industrial complex planned by AES Andes, encompassing a port, ammonia and hydrogen production plants, and thousands of power generation units, will be located just 5-11 kilometers away. This proximity will cause irreparable damage to astronomical observations due to light pollution and atmospheric turbulence. The project jeopardizes not only the existing Paranal Observatory, responsible for groundbreaking discoveries, but also the upcoming Extremely Large Telescope (ELT), the world's largest. ESO urges relocation to protect this irreplaceable dark sky, a heritage for all of humanity.