Five Types of Nondeterminism: Practical Insights from Formal Methods
This article explores five types of nondeterminism in system modeling: true randomness, concurrency, user input, external forces, and abstraction. The author explains each type clearly with practical examples. True randomness, while often simulated with pseudorandom number generators, is usually treated as nondeterministic choice in modeling. Concurrency is a major source of nondeterminism, requiring special handling due to state space explosion. User input and external forces are treated as nondeterministic external influences. Critically, abstraction simplifies complex deterministic processes into nondeterministic choices, simplifying models and increasing sensitivity to potential errors. This provides valuable insights into understanding nondeterminism and its applications in software development.