Amazon Deal: Uncertainties Remain

2025-02-20
Amazon Deal: Uncertainties Remain

Amazon issued a statement highlighting uncertainties surrounding an ongoing transaction. Potential risks mentioned include failure to meet transaction conditions, regulatory approvals not being obtained, delays or failure to close the deal, and an inability to achieve anticipated benefits. Amazon emphasized that actual results may differ materially from expectations and disclaimed any obligation to update the information unless legally required. Investors are cautioned against undue reliance on forward-looking statements.

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Startup transaction risk

Understanding Functors, Applicatives, and Monads in Haskell

2025-03-30
Understanding Functors, Applicatives, and Monads in Haskell

This article provides a clear and accessible explanation of functors, applicatives, and monads in Haskell functional programming, using analogies to make complex concepts easier to grasp. The author uses the metaphor of boxes to illustrate how these types handle function application in different scenarios, providing code examples to demonstrate their usage and differences. The article concludes with a reflection on the importance of learning and sharing knowledge, stemming from an interaction with the Haskell community.

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Development Monads

Building a C Compiler with "Writing a C Compiler": A Step-by-Step Journey

2025-07-12
Building a C Compiler with

The author plans to work through "Writing a C Compiler" chapter by chapter, documenting their progress in blog posts. This book provides a step-by-step approach to building a C compiler, culminating in a working compiler by the end of chapter one, with additional features added in subsequent chapters. A comprehensive test suite is included, enabling thorough verification. The author highlights the book's excellent, incremental approach, comprehensive test suite, and focus on a real-world language (C), praising it as an exceptional resource for learning compiler construction.

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Development

Bagels: A Powerful Terminal-Based Expense Tracker

2025-01-27
Bagels: A Powerful Terminal-Based Expense Tracker

Bagels is a powerful expense tracker that lives in your terminal. Track and analyze your finances with ease using features like accounts, subcategories, splits, transfers, and recurring transaction templates. The clean interface offers customizable keybindings and defaults. All data is stored locally, providing privacy and convenience. Installation is simple for both macOS and Windows.

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Development expense tracker

Resurrecting a Perfect Commodore Amiga 1000: A Retrocomputing Odyssey

2025-01-29
Resurrecting a Perfect Commodore Amiga 1000: A Retrocomputing Odyssey

This blog post details the author's journey restoring a Commodore Amiga 1000, the first model of the Amiga series. Purchased from eBay, the machine's resurrection involved identifying its previous owner (Franz Barta), replacing capacitors, troubleshooting (a loose CPU socket was the culprit!), installing a PiStorm and Parceiro expansion board, and finally, restoring it to working order with a Retrobrighting treatment. The author shares experiences running incompatible software using WHDLoad and outlines future upgrades, including RGB2HDMI for high-definition output and RAM expansion.

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Rust Gets an Official Language Specification!

2025-03-30
Rust Gets an Official Language Specification!

After years of growth, Rust is finally getting an official language specification! This is thanks to Ferrous Systems generously donating their Ferrocene Language Specification (FLS). FLS provides a structured and detailed reference for Rust's syntax, semantics, and behavior, previously used for compiler qualification. This donation will avoid confusion from multiple Rust specifications and significantly supports Rust's use in safety-critical industries. The Rust project team will integrate FLS with the existing Rust reference to create an official Rust specification, benefiting developers everywhere.

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Development Specification

Herculaneum Papyrus 5: A Breakthrough in Ink Detection

2025-02-05
Herculaneum Papyrus 5: A Breakthrough in Ink Detection

Significant progress has been made in ink detection and segmentation of P.Herc. 172 from the Bodleian Libraries at Oxford (Scroll 5). The scroll exhibits unusually visible ink, greatly aiding ink detection model training. While segmentation requires further refinement, preliminary analysis suggests authorship by Philodemus, with words like 'disgust', 'fear', and 'life' identified, along with symbols indicating a finished work. Scroll 5's unique characteristics offer potential as a 'Rosetta Stone' for ink detection in other scrolls. The team has released extensive segmentation data to facilitate research.

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The Decline of Music and the Fall of Civilization: Lessons from Ancient Greece and China

2025-03-25
The Decline of Music and the Fall of Civilization: Lessons from Ancient Greece and China

This article explores the common thread in the decline of ancient Greek and Chinese civilizations: the degeneration of music. Plato and ancient Chinese texts argue that musical chaos directly led to the collapse of social order. The article posits that this wasn't merely an aesthetic shift, but a departure from the principles of cosmic harmony (the Greek Logos and the Chinese Tao). Initially, music adhered to strict conventions, maintaining social cohesion. However, when artists broke these conventions in pursuit of sensory stimulation, the audience's rational judgment was weakened, and social order crumbled. This wasn't rebellion against authority, but a rejection of cosmic harmony, ultimately leading to civilizational decline.

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LFortran Compiles PRIMA: A Major Milestone Towards Beta

2025-03-09

The LFortran compiler team successfully compiled and executed libprima/PRIMA, marking the eighth production-grade, third-party code compiled with bit-for-bit alignment to GFortran. This significant milestone brings LFortran closer to its goal of compiling ten such codes, a key step toward achieving beta-quality. Compiling PRIMA, a Fortran package for nonlinear optimization, presented challenges related to procedure variables, arrays with non-unit strides, and precision loss, all of which were overcome. Future efforts focus on compiling additional third-party codes, including fpm and LAPACK, to solidify LFortran's beta readiness.

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Development

US Silently Deporting Students: AI-Powered Visa Crackdown

2025-03-30
US Silently Deporting Students: AI-Powered Visa Crackdown

The Trump administration is secretly targeting students for deportation, utilizing a rarely used immigration provision. They are manipulating the SEVIS database to revoke student statuses without notifying students or universities, leading to surprise arrests. The State Department has revoked at least 300 visas, reportedly using AI to monitor social media for justification. Many affected students hail from the Middle East and Muslim-majority countries, with some reporting no political activism or inflammatory social media posts. This highlights the administration's harsh immigration stance, disregard for individual rights, and the potential for technology misuse to infringe on freedoms.

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Highlighting Bash in Lua with Neovim and Treesitter

2025-01-28

The author built a tool to synchronize packages across multiple machines, using a Lua configuration file. To improve readability and editing of Bash scripts embedded within the Lua configuration, they leveraged Neovim and the Treesitter plugin. Treesitter, through its injection feature, identifies the `script` field in Lua tables and highlights its content as Bash based on a custom query. This significantly enhances code readability and maintainability. The post details the configuration of Neovim and Treesitter, along with the custom query to achieve the Bash highlighting.

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Development

Boston Dynamics Partners with RAI Institute to Boost Atlas Robot's Reinforcement Learning

2025-02-06
Boston Dynamics Partners with RAI Institute to Boost Atlas Robot's Reinforcement Learning

Boston Dynamics announced a partnership with its own Robotics & AI Institute (RAI Institute) to leverage reinforcement learning and enhance the capabilities of its electric humanoid robot, Atlas. The collaboration aims to accelerate Atlas's learning of new tasks and improve its movement and interaction in real-world environments, such as dynamic running and manipulating heavy objects. This marks a significant advancement in reinforcement learning for robotics and highlights the importance of vertically integrating robot AI, echoing Figure AI's decision to abandon its partnership with OpenAI.

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Nine: A Stunning C64 Demo

2025-02-05

A developer released 'Nine', a small yet incredibly impressive C64 demo at Fjälldata 2025. A video explaining its workings is in the works, but for the impatient, the machine code monitor is available. The demo has been lauded by users, with some calling it the best of 2025. However, one user reported a syntax error when running it on VICE emulator.

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Game Demo

Bayesian-Powered AI Agent Achieves Breakthrough in Atari 10k Challenge

2025-01-26
Bayesian-Powered AI Agent Achieves Breakthrough in Atari 10k Challenge

VERSES' Genius AI engine achieved a significant breakthrough in the Atari 10k challenge. Outperforming leading AI models based on deep reinforcement learning, Genius matched or exceeded human-level performance on several Atari games using only 10% of the data and drastically less compute. This hyper-efficiency stems from its unique Bayesian inference and active inference framework, showcasing superior sample efficiency and continuous learning capabilities. This marks a significant step towards highly efficient, reliable, and explainable AI.

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Distr: Simplifying Enterprise Software Distribution

2025-01-30
Distr: Simplifying Enterprise Software Distribution

Distr simplifies distributing enterprise software to customer-controlled or shared-responsibility environments. It features an intuitive web UI for viewing deployments and agents, a white-label customer portal for customer control, an API accessible via a rich SDK, and is fully open-source and self-hostable. The Distr Hub is distributed as a Docker image with a Docker Compose example deployment. Comprehensive documentation covers self-hosting and building from source, and a JavaScript SDK is available for application integration.

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Development Software Distribution

18 Years in the Linux Console: No Regrets

2025-01-12
18 Years in the Linux Console: No Regrets

A programmer recounts his 18-year journey using only the Linux command line. Starting in the early 2000s in a rural area with limited internet access, he learned Linux, eventually finding his 'zen' through countless nights of coding and experimenting with various distributions. The author details challenges and solutions, sharing insights on modern Linux trends like the rise of systemd and his choice of Gentoo. This nostalgic piece is a captivating tale of dedication to pure technology.

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Development

A 192-Byte WebAssembly Compiler: Code Golfing Extravaganza

2025-01-24
A 192-Byte WebAssembly Compiler: Code Golfing Extravaganza

This article details a WebAssembly compiler, a mere 192 bytes in size, capable of compiling reverse Polish notation expressions into WebAssembly modules. The author systematically deconstructs the code's optimizations, revealing clever uses of JavaScript features, WebAssembly bytecode manipulation, and variable/expression streamlining. While functionally simple, this tiny compiler offers a deep dive into the inner workings of WebAssembly.

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Development

CMU's ML in Production Course: From Model to Product

2025-01-28

Carnegie Mellon University (CMU) offers a course, "Machine Learning in Production/AI Engineering," covering the entire lifecycle of building machine-learned models into real-world products. It encompasses model building, deployment, assurance, maintenance, responsible AI (safety, security, fairness, explainability), and MLOps. Targeted at students with some data science and programming experience, it doesn't require a software engineering background. Through case studies and a large-scale project, students learn to translate models into deployable and maintainable products, fostering collaboration in interdisciplinary teams.

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Development AI Engineering

One Year Debugging Sleep-Wake Hangs on Linux with AMD GPUs

2025-02-17

The author encountered a persistent issue where their Linux system, equipped with an AMD RX 570 GPU, would crash or hang after attempting to sleep, often resulting in a black screen upon waking. After over a year of intense debugging, involving journal analysis, systemd configuration tweaks, a debug shell, even Ghidra reverse engineering, the root cause was identified as an amdgpu driver bug related to VRAM backup during high memory usage. The solution, finally implemented, leverages the power management notifier API to preemptively back up VRAM before sleep, preventing memory exhaustion errors. This fix is expected in the stable Linux kernel 6.14 release.

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Development GPU driver

EHT Reveals Turbulent Accretion Flow Around M87*'s Black Hole

2025-01-25

The Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) Collaboration has released a new analysis of the supermassive black hole at the center of Messier 87 (M87*), combining observations from 2017 and 2018. The study confirms that M87*'s black hole rotational axis points away from Earth and highlights the significant role of turbulence within the accretion disk in explaining the observed shift in the ring's brightness peak. Using a vastly expanded simulation image library, the team confirmed the counter-clockwise 30-degree shift of the brightest region of the ring between 2017 and 2018. This research represents a major step forward in understanding the complex dynamics of black hole environments.

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Using `uv` as Your Shebang for Efficient Python Scripting

2025-01-28
Using `uv` as Your Shebang for Efficient Python Scripting

Rob Allen shares his experience using `#!/usr/bin/env -S uv run --script` as a shebang line for his Python scripts. This approach leverages the `uv` tool to manage script dependencies, allowing direct execution from the command line without needing to set up virtual environments, etc., improving script convenience and executability. The author creates many automation scripts in his ~/bin directory and simplifies their execution using this method.

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Development scripting

Botswana Launches its First Satellite: BOTSAT-1

2025-03-26
Botswana Launches its First Satellite: BOTSAT-1

Botswana successfully launched its first satellite, BOTSAT-1, on March 15th, 2025, aboard a SpaceX Falcon 9 rocket. This 3U hyperspectral Earth observation satellite, developed by the Botswana International University of Science and Technology (BIUST), will provide crucial data for national development priorities including food security, environmental conservation, and urban planning. The launch represents a significant milestone in Botswana's space program and fosters human capital development through practical training for local engineers. Collaboration with Dragonfly Aerospace enhances BIUST's capabilities with advanced imaging technology and support for cleanroom facility development.

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Augmenting CLIs and APIs for LLM Agents

2025-07-20
Augmenting CLIs and APIs for LLM Agents

The author encountered limitations in existing command-line tools and APIs when using Large Language Model (LLM) agents for reverse engineering automation, especially with the small context windows of local models. APIs need to balance providing enough information to reduce tool calls while avoiding context window overflow. Solutions explored include improved docstrings, helper functions, and pre-commit hooks. Further improvements suggested involve wrappers that cache output, structure it, and report remaining lines, as well as shell hooks providing directory information. The author concludes that existing CLIs need LLM enhancements; perhaps even a whole set of LLM-enhanced CLIs or a custom LLM shell is needed to improve the user experience for LLM agents.

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Development CLI Tools

Trump Halts TikTok Ban for 75 Days: A High-Stakes Gamble

2025-01-21
Trump Halts TikTok Ban for 75 Days: A High-Stakes Gamble

President Trump issued an executive order temporarily halting enforcement of the TikTok ban for 75 days. This move aims to prevent penalties against American companies like Apple and Google for working with TikTok, but its legal standing is questionable. The ban stemmed from a law demanding TikTok divest from its Chinese parent company, ByteDance, and Trump's action effectively circumvents this legislation. While the reprieve may offer temporary relief, the decision carries significant legal and political risks, with massive fines still a possibility and its effectiveness highly debated.

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Tech

Bilinear Up/Downsampling: Pixel Grid Alignment and That Infamous GPU Half-Pixel Offset

2025-01-27
Bilinear Up/Downsampling: Pixel Grid Alignment and That Infamous GPU Half-Pixel Offset

This article delves into the common misconceptions and pitfalls surrounding bilinear up/downsampling techniques. The author points out that bilinear up/downsampling isn't a single concept; its definition and implementation vary, leading to long-standing bugs and confusion, even affecting top libraries like TensorFlow. The article thoroughly explains pixel grid alignment, GPU half-pixel offsets, and the role of odd/even filters. Using a signal processing perspective, it analyzes operations like zero-insertion and post-filtering, ultimately concluding that choosing the right coordinate system and filter is crucial for obtaining correct results.

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Development signal processing

Sigstore: Securing the Open Source Software Supply Chain

2025-01-21
Sigstore: Securing the Open Source Software Supply Chain

Sigstore is an open-source project aiming to secure software supply chains through digital signatures and transparent logging. It simplifies software verification, allowing developers to easily verify software integrity and origin, thus preventing malicious software and supply chain attacks. Sigstore's core strength lies in its ease of use and integration with existing tools, contributing to a more secure and reliable software ecosystem.

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Development supply chain security

Federal Data Vanishing: Civil Society Steps Up to Save the Day

2025-02-13
Federal Data Vanishing: Civil Society Steps Up to Save the Day

Hundreds of federal datasets and government websites have mysteriously disappeared or been drastically altered since the start of the Trump administration. Responding to this crisis, civil society organizations are taking action. Harvard's Library Innovation Lab recently released 16 terabytes of archived data.gov, a complete copy of the platform's former holdings. On February 13th at 3 PM Eastern, MuckRock will host an event featuring the Internet Archive and the Harvard Law School Library Innovation Lab, discussing at-risk data, how to access rescued data, and how to contribute to preservation efforts.

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The Holy Grail of 70s Radios: The Sony FX-300

2025-02-18
The Holy Grail of 70s Radios: The Sony FX-300

A child of the 1970s reminisces about the elusive Sony FX-300 "Jackal 300" radio, a dream machine he never owned. Primarily sold in Japan, this radio boasts a mini CRT television screen, precise analog tuning, a top-mounted cassette player/recorder, AM/FM reception, and a killer retro design. The author praises its unique aesthetics and seeks readers' experiences with this 'holy grail' device.

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Climate Reanalyzer: Visualizing Daily Global Temperatures

2025-01-21

The Climate Reanalyzer website, from the University of Maine's Climate Change Institute, provides interactive visualizations of daily global temperatures based on ECMWF ERA5 reanalysis data. The site offers interactive charts and maps showing daily mean surface air temperature from 1940 to the present, allowing users to select different regions for analysis. Data updates are delayed by 6-7 days, and users are cautioned to treat extreme temperatures estimated by ERA5 with care. The site also provides access to other climate data, such as sea surface temperature and sea ice extent.

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Rethinking SQLite: Surprisingly Powerful at Hyper-Scale

2025-03-03
Rethinking SQLite: Surprisingly Powerful at Hyper-Scale

Contrary to popular belief, SQLite isn't just for small applications. This article argues that services like Cloudflare Durable Objects and Turso unlock SQLite's potential at hyper-scale. These platforms assign SQLite databases per entity, replacing the complexities of sharded databases. This approach solves challenges like rigid schemas, difficult schema changes, and complex cross-partition operations. While challenges remain—lack of open-source self-hosting and standardized protocols—SQLite's ACID compliance, efficient I/O, and rich SQL extensions make it a compelling alternative to traditional partitioned databases.

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Development
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