Physically Based Rendering: A Deep Dive from First Principles

This interactive article explores the physics of light and its interaction with matter, providing a foundation for understanding physically based rendering (PBR). Starting with the nature of light—from ancient Greek theories to quantum electrodynamics—it delves into Maxwell's equations and light generation methods like incandescence and electroluminescence. The article simplifies complex light-matter interactions, explaining reflection, refraction, Fresnel equations, and the microfacet model. It culminates in the rendering equation, breaking down key components like the BRDF. Illustrated with diagrams and interactive demos, this article is a valuable resource for anyone interested in computer graphics and physics.