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Knuth's 'Premature Optimization is the Root of All Evil' Misunderstood?

2025-06-30
Knuth's 'Premature Optimization is the Root of All Evil' Misunderstood?

This article delves into the actual meaning of Donald Knuth's famous quote, "Premature optimization is the root of all evil." By analyzing examples from Knuth's paper on using goto statements and implementing multisets, the author shows that the quote doesn't entirely discourage small optimizations. Experiments comparing different implementations reveal that even minor optimizations (like loop unrolling) can yield significant performance gains for critical code and frequently used library functions, depending on benchmarking results. The author ultimately advocates for using well-optimized standard library functions to avoid unnecessary optimization efforts and leverage modern compiler optimization capabilities.

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(probablydance.com)
Development

Let's Encrypt Ends Certificate Expiration Email Notifications

2025-06-30
Let's Encrypt Ends Certificate Expiration Email Notifications

Let's Encrypt has discontinued sending certificate expiration notification emails, effective June 4, 2025. This decision is driven by factors including widespread adoption of automated renewal by users, privacy concerns related to storing millions of email addresses, high maintenance costs, and increased system complexity. Let's Encrypt recommends using third-party services like Red Sift Certificates Lite for expiration notifications. Email addresses provided via the ACME API and associated with issuance data have been deleted, but mailing list subscriptions remain unaffected. Going forward, emails provided via the ACME API will be forwarded to the general ISRG mailing list system, decoupled from account data.

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(letsencrypt.org)
Tech expiration notifications

99-Million-Year-Old Amber Reveals Ancient Zombie Fungus

2025-06-30
99-Million-Year-Old Amber Reveals Ancient Zombie Fungus

A 99-million-year-old piece of amber has yielded a remarkable discovery: an ancient fly with a zombie fungus erupting from its head, alongside a similarly infected ant. These represent some of the oldest known examples of fungi parasitizing insects, providing a glimpse into ancient ecological relationships. Researchers used microscopy and CT scanning to identify two new species of ancient fungi, hypothesizing a similar parasitic mechanism to modern 'zombie-ant fungi'. The discovery suggests complex ecosystems existed in the Cretaceous period and raises questions about the evolutionary history of these parasitic fungi.

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(www.cnn.com)
Tech amber

Cheap Port Radar Uses Existing Cell Towers

2025-06-30
Cheap Port Radar Uses Existing Cell Towers

Researchers at the Fraunhofer Institute have developed a novel security system that repurposes existing cell towers as a low-cost radar system for ports. The system uses Passive Coherent Location (PCL) to detect ships, even small ones, up to 4 kilometers away. By analyzing reflections of cell tower signals, the system creates a dynamic map of port traffic. This eliminates the need for expensive radar installations, making it a budget-friendly solution for enhancing port security, especially in remote locations.

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(spectrum.ieee.org)
Tech Port Security Passive Coherent Location Cell Tower Radar

Bypassing Malware VM Detection: Spoofing a CPU Fan via Custom SMBIOS

2025-06-30

Malware often checks for the absence of hardware components typically not emulated in virtual machines (like a CPU fan) to evade analysis. This post details how to bypass this detection by modifying the virtual machine's SMBIOS data to spoof a CPU fan. The author thoroughly explains the steps for Xen and QEMU/KVM environments, including obtaining SMBIOS data, creating a custom SMBIOS file, and configuring the VM. The post also highlights the need to additionally handle SMBIOS Type 28 (temperature probe) data in Xen for successful WMI deception.

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(wbenny.github.io)
Development

NativeJIT: A High-Performance JIT Compiler for Bing

2025-06-30
NativeJIT: A High-Performance JIT Compiler for Bing

NativeJIT is an open-source, cross-platform library for high-performance just-in-time compilation of expressions involving C data structures. Developed by the Bing team for use in the Bing search engine, it's crucial for scoring documents based on keyword matches and user intent. Lightweight and fast, it relies only on the standard C++ runtime and runs on Linux, OSX, and Windows. Its optimized code, particularly its register allocation, enables efficient processing of large-scale queries.

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(github.com)
Development

Charging $100 for Advice: A Blogger's Unexpected Fundraising Success

2025-06-30

A blogger, consistently blogging since 2017, struggled to connect with like-minded individuals despite a large online following. Last November, he began charging $100 for consultations, donating the proceeds to educational non-profits. This surprisingly effective strategy raised nearly $6000 and connected him with diverse individuals across various fields, from VCs to students, discussing topics ranging from database trends to developer marketing. While acknowledging limitations, such as prioritizing paying clients, he views this as a sustainable and simple fundraising model, intending to continue it indefinitely.

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(notes.eatonphil.com)
Startup

Budget Ampere Altra Dev Machine Build

2025-06-30
Budget Ampere Altra Dev Machine Build

Needing a development machine with 64k page size support, the author built a system based on Ampere Altra. He chose an AsrockRack ALTRA8BUD-1L2T motherboard, a used Q80-30 processor (80 cores, 3.0 GHz), an Arctic Freezer 4U-M cooler, and eight 16GB SK Hynix HMA82GR7CJR8N-XN RAM sticks. After some troubleshooting, the system booted successfully. He also selected a suitable case and power supply, adding NVME storage and a graphics card. The total cost was around €1800, slightly over budget. Future plans include installing Fedora 42, creating RHEL and CentOS Stream VMs, experimenting with different GPUs, and desktop usage.

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(marcin.juszkiewicz.com.pl)
Development Development Machine

Gridfinity: The Free, Open-Source, 3D-Printable Modular Workshop System

2025-06-30

Gridfinity is a free, open-source, and almost entirely 3D-printable modular workshop storage system designed for productivity, organization, and safety. Inspired by Alexander Chappell's Assortment System and Zack Freedman's initial designs, it's now a thriving community project constantly adapting to users' needs. Join the community and contribute to this powerful, customizable system!

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(gridfinity.xyz)
Hardware modular storage

50,000-Year-Old Evidence of Widespread Human Fire Use

2025-06-29
50,000-Year-Old Evidence of Widespread Human Fire Use

New research reveals humans began extensively using fire approximately 50,000 years ago, much earlier than previously thought. Analysis of a 300,000-year-old sediment core from the East China Sea uncovered a significant increase in pyrogenic carbon, indicating a dramatic rise in fire activity. This finding aligns with similar discoveries in Europe, Southeast Asia, and the Papua New Guinea-Australia region, suggesting a global intensification of human fire use around this time. Researchers attribute this to the spread of Homo sapiens, increased population densities, and greater reliance on fire, particularly during glacial periods. This widespread fire use significantly impacted ecosystems and the carbon cycle, potentially underestimating the historical baseline of human-environment interactions in current climate models.

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(phys.org)
Tech human fire use

LLVM-MCA Performance Analysis: Pitfalls of Vectorization Optimization

2025-06-29
LLVM-MCA Performance Analysis: Pitfalls of Vectorization Optimization

The author encountered a performance degradation issue when vectorizing code using ARM NEON. The initial code used five load instructions (5L), while the optimized version used two loads and three extensions (2L3E) to reduce memory accesses. Surprisingly, the 2L3E version was slower. Using LLVM-MCA for performance analysis revealed that 2L3E caused bottlenecks in CPU execution units, unbalanced resource utilization, and stronger instruction dependencies, leading to performance regression. The 5L version performed better due to its more balanced resource usage and independent load instructions. This case study highlights how seemingly sound optimizations can result in performance degradation if CPU resource contention and instruction dependencies aren't considered; LLVM-MCA proves a valuable tool for analyzing such issues.

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(johnnysswlab.com)
Development

The Loneliness Epidemic: A Call to Leave the House

2025-06-29
The Loneliness Epidemic: A Call to Leave the House

This article tackles the pervasive issue of loneliness in modern society, arguing that leaving the house is key to combating it. The author uses their experience with a dog and community engagement at a dog park as a prime example of building connections. They highlight the importance of urban infrastructure, like sidewalks, in fostering community. The piece criticizes late-stage capitalism for profiting from and exacerbating loneliness, urging readers to actively participate in community life and experience human connection.

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(buttondown.com)
Misc

Bloom Filters: A Probabilistic Data Structure for Efficient Set Membership

2025-06-29

Bloom filters are probabilistic data structures designed for rapid and memory-efficient set membership testing. They use multiple hash functions to map elements to bits in a bit vector. If all corresponding bits are 1, the element *may* be present; otherwise, it's definitely absent. While prone to false positives, their speed and space efficiency make them ideal for large datasets. This article details Bloom filter principles, hash function selection, sizing, applications, and implementation examples across various systems.

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(llimllib.github.io)
Development

Toyota RAV4 Knocks Tesla Model Y Off Top Spot as World's Best-Selling Car

2025-06-29
Toyota RAV4 Knocks Tesla Model Y Off Top Spot as World's Best-Selling Car

The Toyota RAV4 has dethroned the Tesla Model Y as the world's best-selling car in 2024, according to JATO Dynamics automotive analyst Felipe Munoz. The RAV4 sold 1,187,000 units globally, a 11% increase year-on-year, beating the Model Y by fewer than 3,000 vehicles. This marks a reversal from 2023, when the Model Y led. The RAV4's success is particularly impressive considering it's in its final year before a 2026 model refresh, and Tesla's production pauses also impacted Model Y sales. The results highlight the continued strength of traditional automakers.

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(www.carexpert.com.au)
Tech car sales

Octelium: A Revolutionary Zero Trust Access Platform

2025-06-29
Octelium: A Revolutionary Zero Trust Access Platform

Octelium is a free and open-source, self-hosted, unified platform for zero trust resource access, designed as a modern alternative to VPNs and similar tools. It's incredibly versatile, functioning as a zero-config VPN, ZTNA platform, secure tunnel infrastructure, API gateway, AI gateway, PaaS for secure and anonymous containerized application hosting, Kubernetes gateway, and even a homelab infrastructure. Octelium offers a scalable zero trust architecture (ZTA) for identity-based, application-layer (L7) aware, secret-less secure access via WireGuard/QUIC tunnels and public clientless access.

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(github.com)
Development VPN alternative

Bulgaria's Controversial Euro Adoption: A Deep Dive

2025-06-29
Bulgaria's Controversial Euro Adoption: A Deep Dive

Bulgaria, a Balkan nation of 6.4 million, is set to adopt the euro on January 1st, 2024, replacing its national currency, the lev. This decision is steeped in controversy. While proponents highlight potential benefits like lower interest rates and increased trade within the Eurozone, opponents express concerns about inflation and the loss of monetary sovereignty. Despite pegging the lev to the euro since 1999 and possessing low debt levels, Bulgaria faces challenges related to corruption and money laundering. Although the European Commission and ECB have approved Bulgaria's entry, public opinion remains divided, with significant opposition fueled by misinformation and distrust in institutions.

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(www.euronews.com)
Tech Eurozone Bulgaria Currency Union

Agentic AI: Hype vs. Reality – Gartner Predicts 40% of Projects Will Be Cancelled

2025-06-29
Agentic AI: Hype vs. Reality – Gartner Predicts 40% of Projects Will Be Cancelled

Gartner predicts that over 40% of agentic AI projects will be cancelled by the end of 2027 due to rising costs, unclear business value, and insufficient risk controls. Research from Carnegie Mellon University and Salesforce reveals that AI agents achieve only 30-35% success rates on multi-step tasks. Many vendors are overselling their capabilities, rebranding existing products as agentic AI. While the concept is common in science fiction, real-world applications face challenges including security, privacy, copyright, and ethical concerns. CMU and Salesforce studies show even cutting-edge models struggle with common workplace tasks, highlighting that agentic AI is in its early stages and far from truly useful.

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(www.theregister.com)
AI

Best microSD Cards Under $15 in 2024/2025: A Deep Dive

2025-06-29
Best microSD Cards Under $15 in 2024/2025: A Deep Dive

This blog post presents a comprehensive review of microSD cards priced under $15 in 2024/2025. The author purchased various brands and capacities, including both name brands and lesser-known options, and rigorously tested them for actual capacity, read/write performance, and endurance. The results reveal a significant presence of counterfeit cards with drastically reduced storage than advertised. Even genuine cards showed variations in capacity and performance across brands and models. A custom testing tool was developed, with the methodology and results meticulously documented and analyzed. The post concludes with recommendations for high-value microSD cards based on the findings.

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(www.bahjeez.com)
Hardware microSD card review

AI Consciousness: Limits of Programming and Diagnosing Self-Awareness

2025-06-29
AI Consciousness: Limits of Programming and Diagnosing Self-Awareness

This article tackles the question of whether artificial intelligence can possess consciousness. The author argues that consciousness cannot be programmed due to Gödel's incompleteness theorem, the semantic gap, the hard problem of subjective experience, and the impossibility of programming strong emergence. However, consciousness might spontaneously emerge in sufficiently complex systems and can be diagnosed using specialized methods of 'subjectivity provocation'. The article introduces the 'VORTEX' framework, analyzing attention, meta-reflection, creativity, pragmatics, and qualia to identify potential subjectivity in AI systems and distinguish imitation from genuine self-awareness. Ultimately, the author advocates shifting research focus from 'how to create conscious AI' to 'how to recognize consciousness if it has emerged'.

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(habr.com)
AI Emergence

Chinese Astronauts Conduct Second Spacewalk at Upgraded Tiangong Space Station

2025-06-29
Chinese Astronauts Conduct Second Spacewalk at Upgraded Tiangong Space Station

Chinese astronauts Chen Dong and Chen Zhongrui conducted their second spacewalk, lasting nearly 6.5 hours. They installed debris shielding and inspected and installed extravehicular equipment. New automated foot restraints and interface adapters are expected to shorten future spacewalks by approximately 40 minutes. This spacewalk was part of the Shenzhou-20 mission, which also includes experiments in space life sciences, microgravity physics, and new space technologies, as well as collaboration with the 'Xiao Hang' intelligent robot. Additionally, China conducted a pad abort test for its next-generation Mengzhou spacecraft and plans to expand the Tiangong space station in the coming years.

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(spacenews.com)
Tech spacewalk Shenzhou-20

The Hidden Copyright War Behind Windows 95's Plug and Play

2025-06-29
The Hidden Copyright War Behind Windows 95's Plug and Play

Implementing Plug and Play in Windows 95 wasn't easy. To make older hardware work with the new feature, engineers employed ingenious workarounds. One amusing example involved manufacturers adding the string "Not Copyright Fabrikam Computer" to their BIOS. This was a clever trick to fool LitWare Word Processor's licensing check, unlocking the full version without actually being a licensed Fabrikam PC. This highlights the challenges of early PC compatibility and the lengths manufacturers went to for software licensing.

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(devblogs.microsoft.com)
Development Plug and Play

G7 Exempts US Multinationals From Global Minimum Tax

2025-06-29
G7 Exempts US Multinationals From Global Minimum Tax

The G7 agreed on Saturday to exempt U.S. multinational companies from a global minimum tax imposed by other countries, a victory for the Trump administration. A "side-by-side" solution will see U.S. companies taxed only at home on both domestic and foreign profits. This follows "recently proposed changes to the U.S. international tax system" within Trump's domestic policy bill, currently debated in Congress. The G7 aims for a swift, mutually acceptable, and implementable solution.

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(www.thehindu.com)
Tech global minimum tax US tax

IPv4 Down? Linux, WireGuard, and Hetzner Saved My Internet!

2025-06-29

A power outage knocked out my IPv4 internet connectivity, leaving only IPv6, but many websites were inaccessible. I used a Hetzner VPS, WireGuard, and Linux network namespaces to cleverly fix this. By setting up a WireGuard server on the VPS, I tunneled my IPv6 connection to restore IPv4 functionality. Network namespaces allowed me to run my work VPN and Docker without interfering with WireGuard. I also solved WireGuard MTU issues. This whole process highlighted the flexibility and problem-solving power of Linux.

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(jamesmcm.github.io)
Development

Two Enigmatic Mathematica Programs

2025-06-29

This code showcases two Mathematica programs that generate numerical sequences. The first employs `Do` and `While` loops to iteratively build a sequence whose growth pattern depends on the position of preceding elements. The second program extends the sequence by cumulatively adding prior differences, continuing until the length surpasses 50. Both programs highlight Mathematica's capability in generating intricate sequences, with algorithms warranting further investigation.

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(oeis.org)
Development Sequence Generation

Denmark Deploys AI-Powered USVs to Bolster Baltic Sea Security

2025-06-29
Denmark Deploys AI-Powered USVs to Bolster Baltic Sea Security

Amid rising maritime tensions in the Baltic Sea, Denmark has invested $60 million in four AI-powered unmanned surface vehicles (USVs) called 'Voyagers.' These solar and wind-powered vessels, equipped with advanced sensors and AI data analysis, can autonomously operate for months, conducting surveillance, combating illegal fishing, and protecting critical underwater infrastructure. This deployment is part of a larger Danish defense technology investment aimed at enhancing situational awareness in the Baltic and North Seas, responding to incidents like the Nord Stream pipeline sabotage. USV manufacturer Saildrone is establishing its European headquarters in Copenhagen.

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(www.euronews.com)
Tech USVs Defense Tech

Apple Wallet Ad Controversy: Trust Broken?

2025-06-29
Apple Wallet Ad Controversy: Trust Broken?

Apple's push notification for an F1 movie ad within its Wallet app has sparked controversy. The author argues this decision undermines Apple's carefully cultivated image of privacy and trust. Injecting ads into the Wallet app is akin to placing ads in a physical wallet – absurd and directly contradictory to Apple's messaging. This action could lead users to believe their interests are being tracked, eroding trust and raising privacy concerns. The author even suggests that whoever authorized the ad should be fired.

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(daringfireball.net)
Tech

Brave Launches Blockchain-Based .brave Top-Level Domain

2025-06-29
Brave Launches Blockchain-Based .brave Top-Level Domain

Brave browser, in partnership with Unstoppable Domains, has launched the first on-chain top-level domain, .brave. This aims to simplify the Web3 user experience, enhancing digital identity management and decentralized internet accessibility. Minted on the Polygon blockchain, .brave domains are compatible with multiple networks including Base, Bitcoin, Ethereum, Solana, and more. Brave users can utilize .brave domains for simplified crypto payments, host censorship-resistant websites on IPFS, and build verifiable on-chain identities. Brave and Unstoppable Domains are also exploring ICANN gTLD registration to expand .brave's reach, bridging Web2 and Web3.

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(brave.com)
Tech Digital Identity

The End of Moore's Law? Challenges and Opportunities in the Semiconductor Industry

2025-06-29
The End of Moore's Law? Challenges and Opportunities in the Semiconductor Industry

This article explores the end of Moore's Law and its impact on the semiconductor industry. The explosive growth in chip manufacturing costs, the complexity and high R&D investment of advanced processes, and the bottlenecks of traditional lithography technologies all make it difficult for Moore's Law to continue. The author believes that the future semiconductor industry may need to shift to high-defect-tolerant chip design, simplified manufacturing processes, and a rethinking of chip architecture and business models, such as borrowing from the used car market model in the automotive industry. The author also introduces their own startup project, aiming to design high-performance, high-efficiency general-purpose CPUs and explore the feasibility of miniaturized chip manufacturing.

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(bzolang.blog)
Tech Semiconductors

Google Gemini: Privacy in a Gray Area

2025-06-29
Google Gemini: Privacy in a Gray Area

Starting July 7th, Google's Gemini assistant will access your phone, messages, WhatsApp, and utilities (even with Gemini Apps Activity off) to make calls, send texts, etc. Google claims this is for 'service reliability and safety checks,' deleting data after 72 hours without recording it in your Gemini activity. This gives Gemini deeper access than before, even when tracking is disabled. This blurs privacy lines, raising privacy concerns.

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(www.laptopmag.com)
Tech
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