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Base58 vs. Base85 Encoding: A Tale of Two Encodings

2025-07-27

Base58 and Base85 encodings represent binary data in human-readable formats. Base58, using a smaller character set, is more conservative; Base85, with a larger set, is more efficient. A key difference lies in how 'base' is defined. Base58 is crucial to Bitcoin, part of the Base58Check protocol for addresses and keys. Base85 offers a more compact alternative to Base64, found in PDFs and Git patch encoding. It works by breaking bits into 32-bit words, encoding each in base 85. Variations in Base85 alphabets lead to different outputs. Base85 boasts superior efficiency, using fewer symbols and offering better computational performance.

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(www.johndcook.com)
Development Encoding

CRT Simulation in a GPU Shader Outperforms BFI

2024-12-25
CRT Simulation in a GPU Shader Outperforms BFI

Blur Busters has unveiled a groundbreaking CRT simulation algorithm for GPU shaders, offering superior motion blur reduction compared to Black Frame Insertion (BFI). Combining Mark Rejhon's CRT beam simulator with Timothy Lotte's variable-MPRT BFI algorithm, it delivers smoother visuals, especially on high refresh rate displays, even for legacy 60Hz content. The algorithm, available on Shadertoy and GitHub, boasts less flicker than BFI and is set to be integrated into RetroArch.

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(blurbusters.com)
Tech CRT simulation motion blur reduction GPU shader

Regent Craft Secures $10M Follow-on Contract for Stealthy Seagliders

2025-04-01
Regent Craft Secures $10M Follow-on Contract for Stealthy Seagliders

Rhode Island-based Regent Craft, specializing in all-electric seagliders, has secured a $10 million follow-on contract with the U.S. Marine Corps Warfighting Lab (MCWL), following a successful initial $4.75 million contract. This builds upon successful sea trials of their Viceroy prototype, a high-speed, radar-evading electric seaglider capable of reaching 180 mph over 180 miles. Its unique water takeoff and landing capabilities, low radar/sonar signature, and low operating costs make it ideal for defense and rescue operations. Regent is expanding manufacturing capabilities and has submitted the Viceroy design to the U.S. Coast Guard for certification.

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(interestingengineering.com)
Tech seaglider

Big Tech's Monopoly: If You're Not Paying, You're the Product

2025-06-05
Big Tech's Monopoly: If You're Not Paying, You're the Product

Cory Doctorow's concept of "ensh-ttification" highlights how free products often mean you, the user, are the commodity. Big tech companies leverage market power to squash competition, sacrificing user experience and privacy. The article suggests a revival of antitrust laws and a shift in tariff policies as potential weapons against this, potentially freeing the internet. The example of OG Instagram, an ad-free Instagram alternative shut down by tech giants, demonstrates how innovation is stifled, highlighting the need for legal reform to address this "felony contempt-of-business model."

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(www.cascadepbs.org)
Tech

arXivLabs: Experimental Projects with Community Collaboration

2025-06-18
arXivLabs: Experimental Projects with Community Collaboration

arXivLabs is a framework enabling collaborators to develop and share new arXiv features directly on the website. Individuals and organizations involved embrace arXiv's values of openness, community, excellence, and user data privacy. arXiv is committed to these values and only partners with those who adhere to them. Have an idea to enhance the arXiv community? Learn more about arXivLabs.

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(arxiv.org)
Development

Microsoft: AI Saves $500M, But Layoffs Continue

2025-07-10
Microsoft: AI Saves $500M, But Layoffs Continue

Microsoft CCO Judson Althoff revealed that AI has saved the company over $500 million in call center costs and improved employee and customer satisfaction. AI is also used to handle interactions with smaller customers and generates 35% of the code for new products, accelerating product launches. Despite this, Microsoft has laid off approximately 15,000 employees this year, including customer-facing roles like sales. Microsoft emphasizes that AI will improve employee efficiency, but denies a direct correlation between layoffs and AI-driven productivity gains.

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(finance.yahoo.com)
Tech

DjangoCon EU 2025: Database Optimization and Best Practices

2025-04-28

DjangoCon EU 2025, held in Dublin, Ireland, covered database optimization, best practices, and useful tools. Key takeaways included using BigInt primary keys for performance, `select_for_update` for data consistency, optimizing Postgres indexes with conditional indexes, and `django-auto-prefetch` to reduce database queries. The conference also touched upon performance testing, code style enforcement, and security, such as using the MaxMind database to block malicious users. Attendees shared challenges and solutions encountered while developing with Django, including handling large database tables and designing efficient application architectures.

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(www.zachbellay.com)
Development

Nikon Announces Price Increase Due to Tariffs

2025-05-27

Nikon announced a price adjustment for its products effective June 23, 2025, due to recent tariffs. The company stated it will continue to monitor tariff developments and adjust pricing as needed to reflect market conditions. Nikon thanked customers for their understanding and said it's working to minimize the impact. Customers with order inquiries should contact their authorized retailer; those who ordered through NikonUSA.com should contact them directly via the website.

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(www.nikonusa.com)
Hardware

Gartner Predicts AI Takeover of All IT Work by 2030

2025-09-09
Gartner Predicts AI Takeover of All IT Work by 2030

Gartner analysts predict that by 2030, AI will assist with all IT department tasks, but this doesn't translate to mass job losses. While entry-level roles may decrease, AI will augment senior staff, giving IT departments increased capacity and requiring them to demonstrate value. However, AI implementation is costly, including ongoing use case exploration and retraining, and unexpected ancillary costs like acquiring new datasets and managing multiple models. Gartner estimates 65% of CIOs aren't breaking even on AI investments. IT executives are advised to focus on major cloud vendors and move beyond simple AI chatbots toward interactive agents capable of autonomously negotiating with suppliers.

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(www.theregister.com)
Tech

Intraterrestrials: Unveiling Earth's Hidden Microbial Worlds

2025-05-17
Intraterrestrials: Unveiling Earth's Hidden Microbial Worlds

Karen Lloyd's 'Intraterrestrials' takes readers on a thrilling journey into the hidden depths of our planet to explore the extraordinary microorganisms thriving in extreme environments. From deep-sea sediments and volcanic vents to permafrost, Lloyd, a seasoned geomicrobiologist, details her adventures collecting samples in challenging and sometimes dangerous locations. The book vividly portrays the difficulties and excitement of her expeditions, including a daring sampling mission in a highly acidic crater lake in Costa Rica’s Poás Volcano (which erupted just 54 days later!). Through these captivating stories, Lloyd reveals the surprising diversity and resilience of 'intraterrestrials,' highlighting their unique adaptations and offering insights into the evolution of life on Earth and the potential for life beyond.

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(www.nature.com)
Tech extreme microbes geomicrobiology

SpatialStudio Adds write_string Function

2025-09-02
SpatialStudio Adds write_string Function

SpatialStudio, a spatial video editing tool, recently added a new write_string function. This addition significantly enhances SpatialStudio's capabilities. Developer Daniel Habib shared the code on GitHub, encouraging users to check out the update. The related videos have already garnered over 200 views.

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(www.splats.com)
Development Spatial Video

Trump Admin Halts Nearly Complete Offshore Wind Farm, Citing National Security

2025-08-24
Trump Admin Halts Nearly Complete Offshore Wind Farm, Citing National Security

The Trump administration has halted construction of the nearly finished Revolution Wind offshore wind farm off the coast of Rhode Island, citing concerns about national security. This action, the latest in a series of moves targeting renewable energy, has drawn sharp criticism from industry groups who warn of economic damage and investor uncertainty. The halt could significantly increase energy prices and underscores concerns about the reliability of the US as a destination for long-term energy investment.

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(www.npr.org)
Tech Offshore Wind

The Myth of the Arrow Volley: Why Hollywood Gets Archery Wrong

2025-05-04
The Myth of the Arrow Volley: Why Hollywood Gets Archery Wrong

This article debunks the common Hollywood trope of coordinated arrow volleys in battles. Historically, archers didn't fire in synchronized volleys; instead, they shot individually. Volley fire is a tactic suited to slow-loading ranged weapons like firearms, compensating for their reload times. The author explains why volley fire was impractical for archers (high draw weight leads to archer exhaustion), and reveals the actual lethality of arrow barrages was far lower than depicted in films. Even powerful warbows struggled against armored infantry, with shields and armor significantly reducing arrow effectiveness. Historical examples demonstrate that arrow fire's primary impact was on morale and combat effectiveness, not mass casualties. The article highlights the discrepancy between cinematic portrayals and historical reality.

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(acoup.blog)
Misc film accuracy weaponry

The Inevitable Loss of Youth and the Pursuit of Writing

2025-03-03
The Inevitable Loss of Youth and the Pursuit of Writing

A young writer dreams of becoming a prodigious young author like Amis or Updike, setting a timeline for publishing success in his twenties. However, he fails to meet his ambitious goal, only publishing his first novel at 37. The essay explores the passage of youth and the writer's confrontation with the gap between dreams and reality. He ultimately understands that the desire for success isn't unique to youth but a persistent force throughout life.

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(tolstoyan.substack.com)
Misc dreams

South Asia's Warming Hole: How Pollution and Irrigation Mask Global Warming

2025-06-10
South Asia's Warming Hole: How Pollution and Irrigation Mask Global Warming

South Asia has warmed far slower than the rest of the world over the past 40 years, a phenomenon dubbed the "warming hole." Scientists attribute this to high levels of air pollution and expanding irrigation. Pollutants like sulfate particles and soot reflect or absorb sunlight, cooling the surface. Evaporation from irrigation also has a cooling effect. However, as pollution control measures take effect and irrigation expansion slows, this cooling effect will diminish, leaving South Asia vulnerable to a more dramatic temperature increase and potentially leading to more heat-related deaths. The region faces a challenge in balancing pollution control with climate change adaptation.

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(www.economist.com)
Tech irrigation

Deep Dive into Threat Actor Behavior: An EDR-Based Case Study

2025-09-10
Deep Dive into Threat Actor Behavior: An EDR-Based Case Study

This report details the analysis of a threat actor's cyber activities, leveraging EDR data to track their behavior. The actor employed automated workflows, utilizing AI tools for data generation and writing, and attempted to exploit tools like Evilginx for man-in-the-middle attacks. Their research targeted various sectors, from banking to real estate, using multiple tools for information gathering and target identification, including Censys and BuiltWith. Furthermore, the actor used residential proxy services to obscure malicious activity and employed Google Translate for message translation. Ultimately, the actor was observed attempting an attack using a project called Voltage_Office356bot, leveraging a script obtained from a well-known security researcher, Dirk-Jan Mollema's blog. This case demonstrates the sophistication of modern threat actors and their proficiency with various tools and techniques, offering valuable insights for security defense.

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(www.huntress.com)
Tech threat intelligence

Indie Game Hypercharge Soars to PS5 Top 10 After Dev's Honest Post Goes Viral

2025-06-08
Indie Game Hypercharge Soars to PS5 Top 10 After Dev's Honest Post Goes Viral

Hypercharge: Unboxed, an indie action figure shooter, unexpectedly rocketed to the top 10 bestsellers on PS5 after a heartfelt developer post went viral. Initially struggling with low player counts, the five-person team behind the game responded honestly to criticism, emphasizing their focus on creating a game they loved, not chasing wealth or fame. This vulnerability resonated deeply with players, leading to a surge in sales and widespread attention. The story highlights how authenticity can triumph over big marketing budgets.

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(www.polygon.com)
Game viral success developer honesty

1930s Cameras: Innovation Amidst Depression

2025-02-06

The 1930s saw fundamental changes in camera design, despite the Great Depression. Wood construction largely disappeared except in cheaper models. Thousands of designs emerged as photography gained mass appeal. Folding bellows cameras remained popular, but chrome plating surpassed nickel. Many cameras were modular, with interchangeable lenses and shutters. Mid-decade, 35mm cameras (miniature cameras) using daylight-loading 135 cartridges rose to prominence, utilizing Bakelite and aluminum. Die-cast metal bodies became increasingly common. The twin-lens reflex camera matured, and the Exakta VP, a precursor to the modern SLR, appeared. Leica adopted the 135 cartridge, establishing a design trend of satin chrome and black finishes that persists today. Germany became a major producer of high-quality cameras, while mass-market cameras were produced globally.

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(licm.org.uk)
Tech camera history 35mm camera SLR camera

lsds: A One-Stop Shop for Linux Block Device Settings

2025-05-09

Managing disks and I/O on Linux often involves running multiple commands like lsblk, lsscsi, and nvme list, then manually correlating their output. To streamline this, a Python program called `lsds` was created. It directly reads information from the `/sys/class/blocks/...` directories, consolidating key disk details into a single, easy-to-read output. This includes device name, size, type, scheduler, rotational flag, model, queue depth, number of requests, and write cache settings. `lsds` is highly customizable, allowing users to specify which columns to display and providing a verbose mode for tracing information sources. This tool significantly simplifies the complexity of managing Linux disks.

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(tanelpoder.com)
Development disk management system tool

A Personal Approach to Unix Package Management

2025-04-13

The author shares a clever method for managing personal software packages on Unix systems. They use a `~/lib/` directory tree to store software for different architectures, with each program installed in a separate, versioned subdirectory (e.g., `emacs-30.1`). A `~/bin/bin.` directory contains symbolic links or wrapper scripts pointing to these programs, allowing easy switching between versions. For tools like pipx and Cargo, the author keeps their default installation locations but creates links in `~/bin/bin.` to avoid path conflicts. This setup isn't perfect, but it's very useful for managing software unavailable through the system's package manager or that is too old.

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(utcc.utoronto.ca)
Development software management

Feedsmith: A Blazing Fast & Robust Feed Parser

2025-05-06
Feedsmith: A Blazing Fast & Robust Feed Parser

Feedsmith is a high-performance JavaScript parser and generator for RSS, Atom, JSON Feed, and RDF feeds, including popular namespaces and OPML files. It preserves the original feed structure, offering clean, object-oriented data with intelligent normalization of legacy elements. Boasting incredible speed, type safety, tree-shaking capabilities, and support for both Node.js and modern browsers, Feedsmith provides both universal and format-specific parsers. It currently supports JSON Feed and OPML generation.

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(github.com)
Development Feed Parser

LSSU Bans Words Like 'Cringe' and 'Game Changer' in 2025 List

2025-01-01
LSSU Bans Words Like 'Cringe' and 'Game Changer' in 2025 List

Lake Superior State University (LSSU) has unveiled its annual list of banished words for 2025, a tradition dating back to 1976. This year's list includes words and phrases like 'cringe,' 'game changer,' 'era,' 'dropped,' 'IYKYK,' 'sorry not sorry,' 'Skibidi,' '100%', 'utilize,' and 'period,' deemed overused, misused, or simply unnecessary. The playful list encourages mindful language use and reflects on the ever-evolving nature of communication.

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(www.lssu.edu)
Misc language words university tradition

StackSafe: Conquering Stack Overflow in Recursive Rust

2025-07-27
StackSafe: Conquering Stack Overflow in Recursive Rust

Recursive functions in Rust are prone to stack overflows, crashing your program. StackSafe solves this by automatically growing the stack in recursive functions and data structures. Simply add the `#[stacksafe]` attribute, and your code works without crashes. Used in production by ScopeDB for petabyte-scale data, StackSafe provides complete protection for both recursive functions and their derived traits (like `Debug`, `Clone`, `Drop`), offering comprehensive stack safety and debug-time checks to catch potential overflows early.

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(fast.github.io)
Development stack overflow

Court Halts Access to Sensitive Data After Unions Sue Over Privacy Breach

2025-02-25
Court Halts Access to Sensitive Data After Unions Sue Over Privacy Breach

A US judge has ordered a halt to access of sensitive personal data after unions representing millions of teachers and nurses sued the government. The lawsuit alleges that six Department of Education (and Office of Personnel Management) employees with ties to a group called DOGE had unauthorized access to highly sensitive information, including Social Security numbers, addresses, and financial details. The judge ruled that the government failed to demonstrate a legitimate 'need-to-know' for such broad access, citing a lack of precedent and violation of data privacy regulations. This highlights significant vulnerabilities in government data security and raises concerns about the protection of personal information.

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(arstechnica.com)
Tech

Massive Data Breach Exposes 184 Million Account Credentials

2025-05-26
Massive Data Breach Exposes 184 Million Account Credentials

Security researcher Jeremiah Fowler uncovered a massive, unencrypted online database containing over 184 million unique account credentials. The database, easily accessible without password protection, included usernames, passwords, emails, and URLs for various services like Google, Microsoft, Apple, and even bank and government accounts. The data, likely collected by infostealer malware, poses significant risks including account takeovers, identity theft, ransomware attacks, and corporate espionage. Fowler contacted the hosting provider for removal and advises users to adopt strong password practices, utilize multi-factor authentication, employ password managers, and regularly monitor account activity for enhanced security.

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(www.zdnet.com)
Tech

OpenAI's Secret Social Network Project: A Play for X and Meta?

2025-04-15
OpenAI's Secret Social Network Project: A Play for X and Meta?

OpenAI is reportedly developing a social network similar to X, according to multiple sources. The project, still in its early stages, features a prototype incorporating ChatGPT's image generation capabilities and a social feed. CEO Sam Altman has been privately seeking external feedback. It remains unclear whether the network will be a standalone app or integrated into ChatGPT. This move intensifies Altman's rivalry with Elon Musk and positions OpenAI in direct competition with Meta's AI social plans. A key advantage could be access to unique real-time data for AI model training.

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(www.theverge.com)
Tech Social Network

typed-ffmpeg: A Modern Pythonic FFmpeg Interface

2025-05-29
typed-ffmpeg: A Modern Pythonic FFmpeg Interface

typed-ffmpeg provides a modern, Pythonic interface to FFmpeg, offering extensive support for complex filters with detailed typing and documentation. Built with the Python standard library, it simplifies filter graph construction, boasts IDE auto-completion, and includes JSON serialization of filter graphs, automatic FFmpeg validation, and graph visualization. Future development includes broader FFmpeg version support and expanded filter coverage. This project, initially inspired by GPT-3, ultimately leveraged traditional code generation techniques, significantly aided by GitHub Copilot.

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(github.com)
Development
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