China's Supreme Court Cracks Down on Academic Paper Mills
China's Supreme People's Court has issued its first-ever guidance on cracking down on academic paper mills, aiming to curb scientific fraud. While previous government regulations existed, paper mills – businesses that produce fraudulent or low-quality manuscripts – have persisted. The court's guidelines instruct lower courts to severely punish 'paper industry chains' and research fraud. The number of paper mill-related cases has increased in recent years, with court rulings shifting from recognizing contracts with paper mills as valid to deeming them invalid, reflecting a stronger emphasis on academic integrity and fair competition. While some researchers are optimistic this will curb misconduct, others remain skeptical of its impact.