Classical Sorting Algorithms Reveal Unexpected Competencies in a Minimal Model of Basal Intelligence

2024-12-19
Classical Sorting Algorithms Reveal Unexpected Competencies in a Minimal Model of Basal Intelligence

A new study uses classical sorting algorithms as a model of morphogenesis, challenging conventional wisdom about these algorithms. By breaking assumptions of top-down control and perfectly reliable hardware, researchers discovered that arrays of autonomous elements sort themselves more reliably and robustly than traditional implementations, even in the presence of errors. Surprisingly, these algorithms exhibit the ability to temporarily reduce progress to navigate around defects and unexpected clustering behavior among elements in chimeric arrays following different algorithms. This discovery provides a novel perspective on diverse intelligence, demonstrating how basal forms of intelligence can emerge in simple systems without explicit encoding in their underlying mechanics.

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Lisp Truth Oracle: A Curious Tale of Type Theory, Curry-Howard Isomorphism, and call/cc

2025-06-14

This post attempts to write a "truth oracle" in Lisp—a program that determines the truth or falsehood of arbitrary mathematical statements. The author introduces the Curry-Howard isomorphism, explaining how logical proofs correspond to expressions in typed functional programming. Using Racket's call/cc function (isomorphic to Peirce's law), an attempt is made to implement a program isomorphic to the law of the excluded middle. Unexpectedly, the oracle always returns false until attempting to access an impossible type value, revealing the differences between classical and constructive logic, and the non-standard control flow of call/cc. Finally, the author uses a metaphor of a "devil's bargain" to explain this strange behavior, showcasing the time-travel-like mechanism behind call/cc.

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Development type theory

Gemini Cracks a 20-Year-Old Mac App Mystery!

2025-06-02
Gemini Cracks a 20-Year-Old Mac App Mystery!

After years of unsuccessful Google searches, the author finally used Gemini to identify a long-forgotten Mac/Windows application from his teens. The app, which tracked user actions and automated repetitive tasks, was revealed to be Open Sesame!, a 1993 intelligent software assistant capable of learning user patterns and automating tasks like bulk file renaming. The author remembered seeing a demo in the mid-90s but had failed to find any information about it until now. This story highlights the advancements in AI, using a 2025 AI tool to discover a 1993 machine learning application.

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Revive Your Old Laptop: Switch to Linux and Plasma

2025-06-03
Revive Your Old Laptop: Switch to Linux and Plasma

Tired of Windows ads, spyware, and forced updates? Give Linux with the KDE Plasma desktop a try! Even laptops 10+ years old can run Plasma smoothly. Plasma is secure, stable, and powerful, boasting a modern graphical interface and numerous useful features like multiple desktops, the powerful Dolphin file manager (with integrated FTP/SSH client, cloud integration, etc.), and built-in desktop sharing. Migrating to Linux isn't difficult; official guides and global events are available to help users get started. While the software ecosystem differs, Plasma comes with commonly used software (Firefox, LibreOffice, Okular, etc.) and offers a vast catalog of free and open-source software through the Discover software manager. Say goodbye to Windows frustrations and embrace a more free and secure digital life!

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Development

UK Public Fears AI Safety: Calls for Regulation, Not Blind Growth

2025-02-07
UK Public Fears AI Safety: Calls for Regulation, Not Blind Growth

A new poll reveals that 87% of Britons support legislation requiring AI developers to prove their systems' safety before release, with 60% favoring a ban on developing "smarter-than-human" AI models. Public trust in tech CEOs regarding AI regulation is extremely low, at only 9%. This reflects growing public anxiety about AI potentially surpassing human capabilities and calls for stricter government regulations, rather than prioritizing economic growth at the expense of potential risks. Several MPs are also urging the government to introduce specific legislation targeting "superintelligent" AI systems.

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Senior Devs Embrace AI Coding More Than Juniors: A Fastly Survey

2025-08-31
Senior Devs Embrace AI Coding More Than Juniors: A Fastly Survey

A recent Fastly survey of 791 US developers reveals a surprising trend: senior developers (10+ years experience) are more than twice as likely to use AI code generation tools like Copilot and generate over half their code with them, compared to junior developers. This isn't due to laziness, but rather the diverse responsibilities of senior roles. AI helps them prototype faster, though more time is needed for bug fixing. While most senior devs find AI boosts efficiency and enjoyment, juniors prefer traditional coding and are less concerned with energy consumption. The survey highlights the experience advantage in spotting AI-generated errors. Overall, AI coding tools are making the job more enjoyable for over 70% of all respondents.

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Development code generation tools

DHEA-S Hormone Linked to Shorter Lifespan in Men, Not Women: A Genetic Study

2025-06-23
DHEA-S Hormone Linked to Shorter Lifespan in Men, Not Women: A Genetic Study

A new genetic study suggests higher levels of dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEA-S) are associated with shorter lifespans in men, but not women. Researchers used Mendelian randomization, analyzing genetic data from large European cohorts to minimize confounding factors. The study found that genetically higher DHEA-S increased blood pressure and reduced lifespan in men, but not women. This raises questions about the labeling and over-the-counter availability of DHEA in the United States.

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Bowie's 1996 Online Single Experiment: A Disruptive Attempt at Music Distribution

2025-05-07
Bowie's 1996 Online Single Experiment: A Disruptive Attempt at Music Distribution

In 1996, online music retail was booming, but digital downloads and streaming faced challenges. David Bowie's single, "Telling Lies," became a pivotal experiment. Bowie partnered with N2K to release the single on his website, offering various download formats, including low-quality RealAudio and Shockwave audio streams, and higher-quality but lengthy (45-minute download) Liquid Audio versions. Despite low bandwidth, slow download speeds, and server errors, the single achieved 450,000 downloads within a week, becoming a successful marketing event that foreshadowed the future of digital music distribution and demonstrated Bowie's adventurous spirit.

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Gemini 2.0 Flash: Google's Native Image Generation Model Enters Developer Experimentation

2025-03-12
Gemini 2.0 Flash: Google's Native Image Generation Model Enters Developer Experimentation

Google's Gemini 2.0 Flash, a multimodal AI model boasting enhanced reasoning and natural language understanding, is now available for developer experimentation. It generates images from text, creates illustrated stories, allows for conversational image editing, and excels at rendering long text sequences clearly. Accessible via Google AI Studio and the Gemini API, Gemini 2.0 Flash promises exciting possibilities for developers building AI agents and visually rich applications.

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Century-Old Math Problem Solved: Proving the Irrationality of ζ(3)

2025-01-09
Century-Old Math Problem Solved: Proving the Irrationality of ζ(3)

This article recounts the legendary story of mathematician Roger Apéry's 1978 proof that ζ(3) (the Riemann zeta function at 3) is irrational. His proof was met with skepticism and even caused chaos at the conference where it was presented. However, Apéry was ultimately proven correct. For years, mathematicians struggled to expand Apéry's method with little progress. Recently, Calegari, Dimitrov, and Tang developed a more powerful method, proving the irrationality of a series of zeta-like values, including ζ(3), solving a decades-old problem. This breakthrough lies not only in its result but also in the generality of its approach, providing new tools for future irrationality proofs.

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EU Officials to Use Burner Devices on US Trips Amid Espionage Fears

2025-04-15
EU Officials to Use Burner Devices on US Trips Amid Espionage Fears

The European Commission is providing burner laptops and phones to staff traveling to the US on official business, fueled by concerns over espionage. This reflects a chilling in US-EU relations and anxieties about US intelligence agencies. While an EU spokesperson denied issuing formal guidance on burner devices, they admitted updating travel recommendations due to increased global cybersecurity threats. This mirrors practices for trips to countries like China and Russia, highlighting heightened EU concerns about US surveillance.

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Tech

arXivLabs: Experimenting with Community Collaboration

2025-06-02
arXivLabs: Experimenting with Community Collaboration

arXivLabs is a framework enabling collaborators to develop and share new arXiv features directly on the website. Individuals and organizations involved share arXiv's values of openness, community, excellence, and user data privacy. arXiv is committed to these values and only works with partners adhering to them. Have an idea to enhance the arXiv community? Explore arXivLabs.

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Development

Human Ingenuity vs. LLMs: Debugging Redis Vector Sets

2025-05-29

Redis developer antirez recounts a fascinating debugging experience where he pitted his wits against Gemini 2.5 PRO, a large language model. A complex bug in Redis's vector set (HNSW) implementation, stemming from data corruption leading to inconsistent node links, required a solution beyond a naive O(N²) approach. While Gemini suggested binary search, antirez ultimately devised a creative solution involving an XOR accumulator, further refined by incorporating MurmurHash128 and a random seed. This anecdote highlights the power of human creative thinking in tackling complex problems, showcasing how LLMs can assist but ultimately fall short of human ingenuity in generating truly novel solutions.

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Development

/etc/glob: The Untold Story of Early Unix Shell Globbing

2025-01-13

This article delves into the history and function of `/etc/glob` in early Unix systems. Before the V7 Bourne Shell, Unix shell globbing wasn't handled by the shell itself but delegated to the external program `/etc/glob`. `/etc/glob` received the command and arguments, expanded wildcards, and then executed the command. The article details how `/etc/glob` worked across different Unix versions, including handling escaped characters and the rationale behind using an external program—likely due to resource constraints in early systems.

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Development Unix history Globbing

Archaeological Study Upends Traditional Views on Wealth Inequality

2025-04-27
Archaeological Study Upends Traditional Views on Wealth Inequality

A groundbreaking study in PNAS challenges conventional wisdom about wealth inequality, showing it's not an inevitable outcome of societal progress. Analyzing data from over 50,000 houses across 1,000 archaeological sites, researchers found that inequality levels varied greatly throughout history. While often correlated with population growth and hierarchical governance, it wasn't universally true. Some societies developed mechanisms to curb wealth concentration. The study debunks the myth that inequality is an automatic consequence of technological or demographic change, highlighting the crucial role of human decisions in shaping social outcomes.

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Tech Sociology

$750M Bitcoin Lost in Landfill: Judge Rejects Recovery Attempt

2025-01-10
$750M Bitcoin Lost in Landfill: Judge Rejects Recovery Attempt

A decade-long legal battle ended in defeat for James Howells, a UK IT engineer who lost a hard drive containing 8,000 Bitcoins (worth $700-750 million) in a landfill. A Cardiff High Court rejected his lawsuit against Newport City Council, citing environmental concerns and the council's ownership of the landfill's contents. Howells' attempts to excavate the site or receive compensation were unsuccessful, highlighting the importance of secure digital asset storage.

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Tech Landfill

Bluesky Blocks Mississippi: Defying Strict Age Verification Laws

2025-08-23
Bluesky Blocks Mississippi: Defying Strict Age Verification Laws

Social media platform Bluesky announced it's blocking all Mississippi IP addresses in protest of a recent Supreme Court decision upholding the state's strict age verification law. Bluesky argues the law's requirements—identifying and tracking all users under 18 and demanding sensitive personal information from all users—are impossible to meet with current resources and disproportionately harm smaller platforms and free speech. This makes Bluesky the first major platform to take such drastic action in response to the law.

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Tech

Hacker Remotely Revives Dormant Satellite: Beesat-1 Back Online

2024-12-30
Hacker Remotely Revives Dormant Satellite: Beesat-1 Back Online

The TU Berlin's Beesat-1 test satellite, launched in 2009, fell silent in 2013. However, at the 38C3 conference, hacker PistonMiner revealed how they remotely resurrected the satellite. Identifying a software bug, not hardware failure, as the culprit, PistonMiner used a 'Frankenstein-Beesat' ground test model for debugging. A software update restored functionality, even reactivating a presumed-broken onboard camera. This feat not only brought the small satellite back to life but also offers a potential model for reviving other defunct satellites.

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AutoKitteh: A Python-based Workflow Automation Platform

2025-04-22
AutoKitteh: A Python-based Workflow Automation Platform

AutoKitteh is a developer-friendly workflow automation and orchestration platform built on Python, offering a code-based alternative to no/low-code platforms. It boasts unlimited flexibility and leverages Temporal for durable execution, abstracting away infrastructure and coding complexities. AutoKitteh supports self-hosting and cloud deployment, is suitable for DevOps, FinOps, MLOps, SOAR, and more, and features built-in integrations and a scalable 'serverless' architecture.

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Development workflow automation

Japanese Town's 'Ojisan' TCG Bridges Generations

2025-04-07
Japanese Town's 'Ojisan' TCG Bridges Generations

In Kawara, Fukuoka Prefecture, children are captivated by a unique trading card game (TCG) featuring local middle-aged and older men ('ojisan'). Instead of anime characters, the cards showcase real community members, their skills and contributions forming the card's stats. Created to bridge the gap between generations, the game unexpectedly boosted community involvement. Children actively participate in local events to collect cards and even ask the 'ojisan' on the cards for autographs. Gameplay focuses on skills and real-world contributions rather than simple numerical comparisons; card rarity reflects the 'ojisan's' volunteer work. This handmade TCG not only connects generations but also revitalizes the community.

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Ferron: A Blazing Fast, Memory-Safe Web Server in Rust

2025-04-05
Ferron: A Blazing Fast, Memory-Safe Web Server in Rust

Ferron is a high-performance, memory-safe web server written in Rust. Leveraging Rust's async capabilities, it boasts impressive speed while ensuring memory safety. Its modular architecture allows for easy customization and extension. Security and safe concurrency are key design principles. While still under development, you can already clone the repository, build, and run it using Cargo. Ferron Forge simplifies building, and comprehensive documentation and contribution guidelines are available.

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Development

AT&T's 5G Expansion Plan Sparks Outrage from Small ISPs

2025-06-09
AT&T's 5G Expansion Plan Sparks Outrage from Small ISPs

AT&T's proposal to reallocate the Citizens Broadband Radio Service (CBRS) spectrum from the 3.5 GHz band to the 3.1-3.3 GHz band to expand its 5G network has sparked outrage among small internet service providers (ISPs). They argue this move will render their existing equipment obsolete and stifle internet connectivity in rural areas. Small ISPs highlight CBRS's crucial role in broadband access in underserved areas, calling AT&T's plan a grab for America's digital future. The Department of Defense also expressed concerns, citing potential non-adherence to established coordination conditions by non-federal users.

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Tech small ISPs

German Antitrust Authority Accuses Apple of Abusing Market Power

2025-02-13
German Antitrust Authority Accuses Apple of Abusing Market Power

Germany's Federal Cartel Office has accused Apple of abusing its market dominance through its App Tracking Transparency (ATT) feature, alleging it gives Apple preferential treatment and harms competitors. This follows a three-year investigation into Apple's ATT, which allows users to block cross-app tracking by advertisers. Apple argues ATT protects user privacy, but this has drawn criticism from Meta, app developers, and startups whose business models rely on ad tracking. German authorities say Apple's actions make it harder for competitors to access user data relevant for advertising. Apple could face daily fines if it fails to address concerns before a final ruling (potentially this year, more likely next). The case was triggered by complaints from associations representing publishers, broadcasters, advertisers, and ad tech firms. Lawyers involved say this is a landmark case, arguing Apple misused privacy concerns to restrict competition in its favor.

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Universal Logo's Untold Story: A Six-Month Masterpiece of Light and Shadow

2025-07-31
Universal Logo's Untold Story: A Six-Month Masterpiece of Light and Shadow

The creation of Universal Pictures' iconic logo is a tale of ingenuity and painstaking effort. Art director Alexander Golitzen, using plexiglass, phosphorescent coatings, and multiple exposures, spent six months crafting the mesmerizing rotating globe and stars. Thin plexiglass stars, coated with silver-activated zinc sulfide for high reflectivity, were individually rotated with multiple lights and filmed with a narrow aperture. The globe, painted black with an interior phosphorescent coating, had the title added in a separate pass. Multiple projections and exposures, along with a second, larger globe, were used to create the final effect. The logo's design even inspired the 'Interociter' device in the 1955 film 'This Island Earth'.

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Underwater Octopus Cities Discovered in Australia

2025-08-19
Underwater Octopus Cities Discovered in Australia

Off the coast of Jervis Bay, Australia, two remarkable octopus settlements, dubbed 'Octopolis' and 'Octlantis,' have been discovered. These bustling communities of gloomy octopuses (Octopus tetricus) utilize shells to construct their dens, creating unique and densely populated habitats. Octopolis, the first discovered, even contains a piece of human-made debris. While often sensationalized as 'cities' in the media, researchers emphasize this is a metaphorical description, highlighting the complex social behaviors and surprising engineering skills of these cephalopods.

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Tech

NYC Startup Seeks Founding Engineer: AI-First, Full-Stack Whiz Needed

2025-06-07
NYC Startup Seeks Founding Engineer: AI-First, Full-Stack Whiz Needed

A NYC startup is searching for a full-time founding engineer to build new products from the ground up. This critical role offers significant equity and product ownership. The ideal candidate will be a full-stack expert proficient in Next.js, React, Vercel, and Supabase, able to iterate quickly, and possess a strong understanding of integrating AI systems into SaaS products. Bonus points for SQL database familiarity, multi-tenancy database design experience, web scraping skills, and React Native expertise.

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Development

DeepSeek Chatbot: Data Security Concerns Spark Alarm

2025-02-06
DeepSeek Chatbot: Data Security Concerns Spark Alarm

Security researchers have discovered that the website of DeepSeek, a Chinese AI company whose chatbot became the most downloaded app in the US, contains code that could send user login information to China Mobile, a state-owned telecommunications company banned from operating in the US. The code, found within DeepSeek's web login page, appears to connect to China Mobile's infrastructure and seems integrated into account creation and login processes. While DeepSeek's privacy policy acknowledges data storage in China, this discovery reveals a closer-than-previously-known link to the Chinese state. This raises significant national security concerns and underscores the growing worry about data security and privacy risks posed by Chinese-controlled digital services.

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Tech

Most People Don't Care About Quality: The Rise of 'Good Enough'

2025-01-01
Most People Don't Care About Quality: The Rise of 'Good Enough'

This article explores the disparity in people's perception of quality. It argues that while professionals like designers and photographers prioritize detail and perfection, most people are largely insensitive to differences in quality, favoring convenience and ease of consumption. The article uses Netflix as a case study, analyzing the success of its low-cost, high-volume content strategy and predicting a future dominated by AI-generated content. This isn't because AI-generated content is inherently good, but because most people don't notice or care about imperfections, prioritizing basic needs and accessibility. The article concludes with the observation that this 'good enough' mentality permeates various fields, from clothing and food to entertainment, where value for money and convenience outweigh the pursuit of ultimate quality.

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Boxing Legend George Foreman Dies at 76

2025-03-22
Boxing Legend George Foreman Dies at 76

George Foreman, the charismatic boxer and infomercial icon, passed away Friday at age 76. A two-time Heavyweight Champion, Foreman transcended the boxing world, becoming a pop culture figure thanks to his wildly successful George Foreman Grill. His life story is one of remarkable resilience: from impoverished beginnings to Olympic gold, world champion, and eventually a business mogul. A near-fatal boxing experience in 1977 led him to faith and a career as an ordained minister, only to shockingly return to boxing in 1987, reclaiming the Heavyweight title in 1994. His death marks the end of an era, but his legacy will live on.

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