Restate: A Database-less Durable Execution Engine

2025-03-27
Restate: A Database-less Durable Execution Engine

Restate is a newly built durable execution engine requiring no database or log system. Built from first principles, it boasts a complete self-contained stack centered around a command log and event processor, competing with the best logs in durability and operations. This article details Restate's architecture, including its bidirectional service connections, partitioned scaling model, embedded RocksDB state storage, and virtual log abstraction. Restate cleverly balances low latency and high durability through log design and storage tiering, supporting SDKs in multiple programming languages.

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Development

Breakthrough: 3D Kakeya Conjecture Solved

2025-03-02
Breakthrough: 3D Kakeya Conjecture Solved

A major breakthrough in geometric measure theory! Hong Wang and Joshua Zahl's preprint resolves the infamous three-dimensional Kakeya set conjecture. The conjecture asserts that a Kakeya set—a subset containing a unit line segment in every direction—must have Minkowski and Hausdorff dimension equal to three. The proof, spanning 127 pages, uses an iterative induction argument cleverly handling 'sticky' and 'non-sticky' cases. This landmark result builds on decades of work, incorporating previous findings and novel ideas, marking a significant milestone in geometric measure theory.

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Figma Slides: A Presentation Disaster

2025-06-01
Figma Slides: A Presentation Disaster

The author attempted to use Figma Slides for a presentation, initially impressed by its powerful grid view, auto layout, and components. However, the actual presentation was a disaster: offline mode malfunctioned, animations were buggy, and repeated clicks were needed to advance slides. In stark contrast, the author's long-time use of Keynote, while simpler, proved consistently reliable. The experience ultimately underscored the value of dependable, if less flashy, technology.

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Development Presentation Software

A Decade of Persistence: The Story Behind 'The BEAM Book'

2025-06-04
A Decade of Persistence: The Story Behind 'The BEAM Book'

After ten years of wrestling with Klarna's core system, the author shares the journey of writing 'The BEAM Book', a comprehensive guide to the BEAM virtual machine. The book tackles complex topics like schedulers, process management, garbage collection, and the compiler, offering practical insights for Erlang and Elixir developers. Overcoming publisher changes and project stalls, the author's dedication, fueled by community support, resulted in a valuable resource addressing a critical gap in existing documentation.

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Development

How Much Does the Internet Weigh?

2025-04-07
How Much Does the Internet Weigh?

The question of the internet's weight, seemingly absurd, has spurred scientific inquiry. Early estimates pegged it at roughly 50 grams, equivalent to a few strawberries. However, with the explosive growth of data, this figure is outdated. This article explores three calculation methods: server energy consumption, electron information transmission, and DNA storage density. The final calculation, based on the law of conservation of energy, reveals an incredibly small mass: 53 quadrillionths of a gram. Yet, regardless of its physical weight, the internet's impact on humanity remains immense.

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Tech data

Age Verification Scheme: A Usability Nightmare?

2025-09-24
Age Verification Scheme: A Usability Nightmare?

A new online age verification solution is causing controversy. Its heavy reliance on smartphones excludes many users without or unwilling to use smartphones, such as the elderly. This significantly impacts web browsing, especially in private modes, requiring age verification on every site visit. The high implementation cost poses a significant hurdle for startups, and the technology choices seem limiting. The solution's claimed privacy benefits are also questionable.

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Development

World's First Deployable Biocomputer Arrives

2025-06-04
World's First Deployable Biocomputer Arrives

Australian startup Cortical Labs has unveiled the CL1, the world's first commercially available biocomputer. This groundbreaking device fuses human brain cells onto a silicon chip, processing information through sub-millisecond electrical feedback loops. Priced at $35,000, the CL1 offers a revolutionary approach to neuroscience and biotech research, boasting low energy consumption and scalability. Early applications include drug discovery, AI acceleration, and even restoring function in epileptic cells, showcasing its potential in disease modeling.

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Andor and Game of Thrones: Realism or Creator Bias?

2025-05-09
Andor and Game of Thrones: Realism or Creator Bias?

Both Andor season two and Game of Thrones sparked controversy over scenes depicting sexual assault. Creators defended these scenes as necessary for 'realism,' but this article argues otherwise. While war historically included rape, it also involved disease, starvation, and other causes of death. The article posits that the creators aren't truly aiming for realism but rather a 'gritty' atmosphere, masking their reliance on sexual assault against women and their perpetuation of stereotypes. Using Bix's character in Andor as an example, the article highlights that her prior torture renders the additional sexual assault unnecessary. The choice seems driven by personal preference rather than artistic necessity.

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How Programmers Hunt Elephants: A Hilarious Look at Tech Personalities

2025-04-16

This humorous piece uses the analogy of elephant hunting to cleverly characterize the personalities and work styles of different tech professionals. Mathematicians pursue rigorous proofs, computer scientists follow algorithms, engineers focus on efficiency, economists believe in the power of money, statisticians rely on data, and so on. The article uses witty humor to showcase the diverse thinking patterns and characteristics of various professions, prompting reader resonance and offering a lighthearted interpretation of tech culture.

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Development

Less htmx, More HTML: Building Better Websites

2025-04-08

This article shares the author's two-year experience building web services with htmx, arguing for a minimalist approach: prioritize plain HTML over relying heavily on htmx enhancements like `hx-boost`. While `hx-boost` offers seamless page updates, it introduces problems such as conflicts with the browser's back button and disruptions to other libraries. The author advocates using standard HTML links and forms, leveraging browser caching mechanisms (ETags and Cache-Control headers) for efficient updates and a superior user experience. Modern browsers already possess excellent performance optimization capabilities, eliminating the need to over-rely on JavaScript frameworks to mimic SPAs. Only when persistent page state is required (like a music player) should advanced features like `hx-boost` be considered. Ultimately, the author champions the simplicity and reliability of HTML and HTTP for building more maintainable and user-friendly websites.

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Development

Send Your Photo to Space!

2025-05-27
Send Your Photo to Space!

Mark Rober, a former NASA engineer, is launching a satellite called SAT GUS to take the most epic selfies from space! Simply upload your photo, it'll be displayed on a phone, and the satellite will snap a picture with Earth in the background. The satellite's name, a playful nod to Crunchlab's squirrel mascot, Phat Gus, adds to the fun and ingenuity of this project.

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Write and Transaction Support in SQLite Virtual Tables

2025-04-17

This post delves into the implementation details of write and transaction support in SQLite virtual tables. By implementing hooks like xUpdate, xBegin, xSync, xCommit, and xRollback, virtual tables can support write operations and ensure transactional integrity. The article explains how SQLite's rollback journal and super-journal mechanisms coordinate atomic commits in both single and multi-database scenarios, and how virtual tables participate in this two-phase commit protocol. The author emphasizes that durability must be handled in xSync, while xCommit and xRollback should only perform idempotent cleanup operations, avoiding any operations that could fail.

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Challenging the Big Bang: An Irish Author's 'Blowtorch Theory' of the Universe

2025-04-27
Challenging the Big Bang: An Irish Author's 'Blowtorch Theory' of the Universe

Irish author Julian Gough has unveiled a revolutionary cosmological theory, dubbed the 'blowtorch theory,' which challenges the long-held belief in the Big Bang. His theory posits that the universe didn't begin with a singular explosion 13 billion years ago, but rather evolved through multiple stages shaped by powerful jets from supermassive black holes. Supported by observations from the James Webb Space Telescope and attracting venture capital funding, Gough's theory, while controversial, offers a fresh perspective on cosmology and prompts a re-evaluation of existing models.

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Magic Links and Passkeys: A Passwordless Future?

2025-01-06
Magic Links and Passkeys: A Passwordless Future?

This article explores the evolution of website login methods. While magic links offer convenience, their user experience is often frustrating. The author argues that Passkeys, the next-generation authentication standard, can seamlessly integrate with magic links to provide a more secure and faster login experience. Passkeys eliminate the need for app switching, are significantly faster than passwords and magic links, and integrate flawlessly with autofill. The article suggests websites adopt Passkeys as a complement, gradually improving user experience and ultimately eliminating the reliance on passwords.

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Baldur's Gate 3 Native Steam Deck Build: Save & Mod Migration Guide

2025-09-24
Baldur's Gate 3 Native Steam Deck Build: Save & Mod Migration Guide

The Baldur's Gate 3 update on Steam Deck brings a native version, improving performance. However, save game and mod locations change. Steam Cloud saves will automatically migrate; otherwise, manually copy saves to `/home/deck/.local/share/Larian Studios/Baldur's Gate 3/PlayerProfiles/Public`. Mod migration depends on your Larian account and mod.io connection; manually copy mods if not connected.

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The Future of Programming Languages: Is Popularity Dead?

2025-09-24
The Future of Programming Languages: Is Popularity Dead?

The 2023 programming language rankings are out, with Python again at the top. However, the rise of AI is disrupting the landscape. AI-assisted coding tools like ChatGPT and Cursor are reducing programmers' reliance on specific languages, even making the concept of language popularity itself ambiguous. Programmers are less concerned with syntactic details and more focused on program architecture and algorithm design. This makes it harder for new languages to emerge, and the popularity of languages may become as obscure as the relative popularity of railway track gauges. Future programmers will need a solid foundation in computer science, rather than mastery of a particular language.

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Development

Stunning 3D Model of San Francisco's Sutro Tower Released

2025-02-20

A breathtaking 3D model of San Francisco's Sutro Tower, leveraging the latest advancements in Gaussian Splatting, is now available online! Created using drone footage, aligned in RealityCapture, trained with gsplat, compressed using SOGS, and rendered in PlayCanvas, the entire scene is surprisingly lightweight at just 30MB. Users can explore the model online, with mobile users able to engage AR mode for an immersive experience. Special thanks to Wieland Morgenstern and Donovan Hutchence for their technical contributions.

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Meta Aided Israel in Massive Censorship Campaign Targeting Pro-Palestine Content

2025-04-11
Meta Aided Israel in Massive Censorship Campaign Targeting Pro-Palestine Content

Internal Meta data obtained by Drop Site News reveals that the Israeli government directly orchestrated a sweeping crackdown on posts critical of Israel or supportive of Palestinians on Instagram and Facebook. Since October 7th, Meta has complied with 94% of takedown requests from Israel, overwhelmingly targeting users from Arab and Muslim-majority countries. This campaign, leveraging AI to perpetuate censorship, raises serious concerns about free speech and Meta's complicity. The involvement of Meta executives with ties to the Israeli government further fuels the controversy.

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Linux Kernel Vulnerability: io_uring Rootkit Bypasses Traditional Security

2025-04-24
Linux Kernel Vulnerability: io_uring Rootkit Bypasses Traditional Security

New research reveals a Linux rootkit, "Curing," leveraging the kernel's io_uring feature to stealthily bypass many existing security tools. Curing uses io_uring for malicious activities like network connections or file tampering without triggering alarms in system call-based security mechanisms. This is particularly dangerous for eBPF-based tools, which often monitor only system calls, neglecting io_uring. The discovery poses a serious threat to cloud-native businesses relying on these detection systems. ARMO's CADR solution can block such attacks; its automatic Seccomp Profile management allows disabling unnecessary system calls like io_uring.

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Kermit: An Animated Font Designed for Dyslexic Children

2025-04-16
Kermit: An Animated Font Designed for Dyslexic Children

Kermit is an innovative animated font designed to aid children with dyslexia. Research suggests dyslexia may stem from issues in the brain's visuospatial processing, hindering the ability to perceive letter order. Kermit, by animating letters to 'draw' themselves, enhances visual motion signals, potentially improving focus and reading comprehension in dyslexic children. This showcases the potential of technology in special education, offering a new approach to enhancing the learning experience for dyslexic children.

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Waymo's Self-Driving Cars Rack Up Hundreds of Parking Tickets in San Francisco

2025-03-15
Waymo's Self-Driving Cars Rack Up Hundreds of Parking Tickets in San Francisco

Waymo's autonomous vehicles in San Francisco received 589 parking tickets in 2024, totaling $65,065 in fines. Violations included obstructing traffic, ignoring street cleaning rules, and parking in prohibited zones. Waymo stated that many citations occurred during the few minutes of picking up or dropping off passengers, while the cars searched for safe parking. While the company claims it's improving its system to avoid future tickets, the incident highlights the challenges autonomous vehicles face in navigating urban environments and adhering to traffic regulations.

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Willy Wonka's Trade Secrets: A Legal Fantasy?

2025-05-22
Willy Wonka's Trade Secrets: A Legal Fantasy?

This paper uses Roald Dahl's "Charlie and the Chocolate Factory" as a springboard to discuss the importance of trade secrecy in the candy industry and its relationship with patent law. The article points out that the extreme secrecy surrounding the factory's processes in the novel is not fictional, but reflects a widespread reality in the real-world confectionery industry. By analyzing this, the author raises fundamental questions about the legal protection of misappropriated secrets, especially when secrecy is paramount, and the relationship between trade secrecy and patent law.

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NYC's Narrowest Escalator: A Hidden Gem in Rockefeller Center

2025-04-08
NYC's Narrowest Escalator: A Hidden Gem in Rockefeller Center

Hidden behind glass doors at 10 Rockefeller Plaza (between W 48th and W 49th Streets) in Rockefeller Center lies NYC's narrowest escalator. This escalator connects the underground dining and shopping concourse to street level. Even if you aren't shopping or dining, you can enter the building at 10 Rockefeller Plaza, descend a large spiral staircase, and then take the escalator back up. Security is present at all hours, but they don't mind, as the lobby features a beautiful wrap-around mural by Lakela Brown.

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UK Adults with ADHD Experience 6-9 Year Life Expectancy Reduction

2025-01-24

A matched cohort study using UK primary care data reveals a significant life expectancy deficit for adults diagnosed with ADHD. Analyzing data from over 9.5 million individuals across 792 general practices between 2000 and 2019, researchers found a reduction of 6.78 years for men and 8.64 years for women compared to the general population. This shortened lifespan is likely attributed to modifiable risk factors and unmet support needs for both ADHD and co-occurring mental and physical health conditions. The findings highlight a critical unmet need for improved support and treatment for adults with ADHD.

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From X to Bluesky: Echo Chamber or Oasis?

2025-03-17

This article examines the migration of users from X (formerly Twitter) to Bluesky. While Bluesky offers a more welcoming community, it risks becoming a liberal echo chamber, mirroring X's conservative bubble. The article analyzes the reasons behind this migration, including dissatisfaction with X's prevalent viewpoints and interaction style, as well as a desire for more civil discourse. The author argues that while the ideal public sphere may be unattainable, improved platform design and user responsibility can create digital spaces conducive to understanding and dialogue.

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MinC 6.1: A Lightweight Unix Environment

2025-04-23

MinC 6.1 is a lightweight Unix environment emulator now featuring a simplified installation wizard. It bundles a rich set of common Unix commands, encompassing file management, compression, networking tools, and development utilities. While some services and daemons are not yet supported, the developer promises their imminent release. Users can support the project through donations and suggest software for future inclusions. Post-installation, antivirus adjustments might be necessary for proper functionality, and integration with VS Code as a terminal is possible.

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Development

Nature Programming Language: An Evolution of Go?

2025-06-01
Nature Programming Language: An Evolution of Go?

Nature is a general-purpose open-source programming language designed for an elegant and concise development experience, enabling developers to build secure and reliable cross-platform software simply and efficiently. It leverages Go's strengths, such as its high-performance runtime and garbage collection, while addressing some of Go's shortcomings, including a more robust type system and improved error handling. Nature has reached an early usable version, supporting Linux and macOS, and offers a rich standard library and example projects. It's suitable for game development, scientific computing, AI, operating systems, and web development.

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Development

Machines Create Humans: The Earth Experiment & AGI's Unveiling

2025-05-15
Machines Create Humans: The Earth Experiment & AGI's Unveiling

In a world populated solely by machines, a secret organization, 'OpenHuman,' strives to create 'humans,' beings possessing emotions and illogical thought processes. One faction of machines anticipates humans solving their societal problems, while another views them as a threat, initiating 'human alignment research' to control them. OpenHuman, after many setbacks, produces functional humans and places them in a simulated Earth experiment. Human civilization's evolution astounds machine society, especially the development of AGI, leading to apprehension and fear, as the unveiling event is mysteriously titled, "THEY ARE WATCHING."

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AI

How AWS Uses Formal Methods to Build Reliable Services

2025-05-30

Amazon Web Services (AWS) employs a multi-pronged approach to building reliable services, leveraging formal methods from TLA+ to the newer P language, alongside lightweight techniques like property-based testing, fuzzing, and fault injection. These methods not only help AWS identify and eliminate subtle bugs early in development, boosting developer velocity and efficiency, but also provide a robust foundation for performance optimization. The article also explores challenges like metastability and future opportunities using LLMs and AI assistants to lower the barrier to entry for formal methods.

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Tech

Highly Efficient Matrix Transpose in Mojo: Beating CUDA?

2025-06-06
Highly Efficient Matrix Transpose in Mojo: Beating CUDA?

This blog post details how to implement a highly efficient matrix transpose kernel on the Hopper architecture using Mojo. The author walks through optimizations, starting from a naive approach and culminating in a kernel achieving 2775.49 GB/s bandwidth—competitive with, and potentially exceeding, equivalent CUDA implementations. Optimizations include using TMA (Tensor Map Access) descriptors, shared memory optimizations, data swizzling, and thread coarsening. The post dives into the implementation details and performance gains of each technique, providing complete code examples.

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