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Programming Languages: Balancing Safety and Power

2024-12-15

This article explores the trade-off between safety and power in programming languages. The traditional view is that powerful languages, like C with its manual memory management, are inherently unsafe. However, the author argues this is outdated. Modern language research shows that greater expressiveness allows for both safety and power. The evolution of macros in Lisp, Scheme, and Racket exemplifies this, demonstrating how improved design can enhance macro capabilities while maintaining safety. Racket's macro system is presented as a best practice, combining hygienic code with powerful manipulation capabilities. The article concludes that safe and reliable systems build more capable and reliable software, and recommends resources for further learning about Racket macros.

(lambdaland.org)

Development programming languages safety macros

Compiling with Continuations: A Retrospect and Review

2025-09-20

This review revisits Appel's 1992 book, "Compiling with Continuations." The author delves into the book's detailed explanation of compilation techniques using continuations, covering topics such as the MiniML language, lexing, parsing, the CPS language, closure conversion, register spilling, and the virtual machine. While lacking exercises and showing its age in some aspects, the book offers valuable insights into Standard ML and continuation-passing style, particularly for those studying compiler design and functional programming. However, ambiguities in implementation details and a lack of discussion on modern compiler technology make for a challenging read.

(swatson555.github.io)

Development continuations

SumatraPDF Dev Ditches std::function After 16 Years, Rolls His Own

2025-06-15

SumatraPDF Dev Ditches std::function After 16 Years, Rolls His Own

After 16 years of C++ development on SumatraPDF, the author abandoned `std::function` and lambdas due to debugging difficulties. Crash reports were hard to decipher because of the auto-generated names of compiler-generated lambda functions. He created simpler, custom callback functions `Func0` and `Func1`. While less feature-rich than `std::function`, they offer significant advantages in memory footprint and compilation speed, and are easier to debug. This post details the design and implementation of `Func0` and `Func1`, and explains why this approach better suits SumatraPDF's needs.

(blog.kowalczyk.info)

Development callbacks

US Hit by Worst Flu Season in 15 Years

2025-02-10

US Hit by Worst Flu Season in 15 Years

The US is experiencing its most intense winter virus season in 15 years, with a surge in flu activity leading to school closures and hospital overcrowding. CDC data reveals that the percentage of doctor visits for flu-like illnesses surpasses any peak since 2009-2010. While COVID-19 and RSV appear to be declining, the flu has already caused an estimated 24 million illnesses, 310,000 hospitalizations, and 13,000 deaths, including at least 57 children. 43 states report high or very high flu activity, with the South, Southwest, and West particularly hard hit. Despite recommendations for flu vaccination, adult coverage is only 44%, and even lower for children at 45%. The government hasn't yet released effectiveness data for this season's flu vaccine.

(www.pbs.org)

Tech Flu

Jan: Your Offline, Privacy-Focused AI Assistant

2025-08-09

Jan: Your Offline, Privacy-Focused AI Assistant

Jan is an AI assistant that runs 100% offline on your device, giving you full control and privacy over your data. Download and run LLMs like Llama, Gemma, and Qwen. It offers easy downloads for various operating systems and more advanced options for command-line builders. Integrate with cloud services like OpenAI and Anthropic. Whether you're a seasoned developer or a casual user, Jan provides a convenient and secure local AI experience.

(github.com)

AI

Open Source Flip-Card with FLIP Fluid Simulation

2025-08-09

Open Source Flip-Card with FLIP Fluid Simulation

This project open-sources a flip-card business card featuring a fluid simulation based on the fluid-implicit-particle (FLIP) method. It includes PCB design files (kicad-pcb folder), a standalone fluid simulation crate (fluid_sim_crate folder, based on Matthias Müller's work), a rechargeable battery design (inspired by cnlohr's project), a WASM simulator for debugging (sim_display folder), and RP2350 firmware (flip-card_firmware file). Further details are available in each folder's README.

(github.com)

Hardware

Juno Probe Could Intercept Interstellar Comet 3I/ATLAS

2025-08-17

Juno Probe Could Intercept Interstellar Comet 3I/ATLAS

A team led by Harvard's Professor Abraham Loeb proposes a daring plan: using NASA's Juno probe, already in orbit, to intercept the interstellar comet 3I/ATLAS as it approaches Jupiter. The plan leverages Juno's proximity to Jupiter on March 16th, 2026, for an orbital adjustment to enable a rendezvous with 3I/ATLAS. This would mark humanity's first close-up observation of an interstellar object, providing invaluable data to study its composition, origin, and the possibility of it being an artificial construct. While 3I/ATLAS's diameter may be smaller than initially estimated, the intercept remains scientifically significant, offering a unique opportunity to unveil the mysteries of interstellar space.

(www.sciencealert.com)

Tech interstellar comet Juno probe

AMD's Gaia: Open-Source LLM for Local Inference on Windows PCs

2025-03-22

AMD's Gaia: Open-Source LLM for Local Inference on Windows PCs

AMD unveils Gaia, an open-source project enabling local LLM execution on Windows machines. Leveraging the Lemonade SDK for inference and optimized for Ryzen AI processors, Gaia utilizes Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) for improved accuracy and context-aware responses. Featuring agents for chatting, YouTube searching, and even joke generation, Gaia offers offline functionality, enhancing security and reducing latency. A strong contender in the burgeoning local LLM space, Gaia provides a compelling alternative to cloud-based solutions.

(www.tomshardware.com)

Tech

Golioth Investigates: A Cellular Connectivity Mystery

2025-02-26

Golioth Investigates: A Cellular Connectivity Mystery

Golioth recently encountered a perplexing cellular connectivity issue: some devices using a specific vendor's chipset experienced connection failures after OTA firmware updates. Investigation revealed the problem stemmed from some NB-IoT networks not adhering to 3GPP specifications, causing the modem to fail to obtain DNS server addresses correctly. The Golioth team, by deeply analyzing 3GPP specifications, modem trace data, and network protocols, ultimately found a workaround, but also exposed the drawbacks of closed ecosystems and lack of transparency, calling for greater industry transparency to improve cellular connectivity reliability.

(blog.golioth.io)

Development cellular connectivity 3GPP specifications Cellular Connectivity

NIST Finalizes Lightweight Cryptography Standard, Protecting IoT Devices

2025-08-14

NIST Finalizes Lightweight Cryptography Standard, Protecting IoT Devices

The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) has finalized its lightweight cryptography standard (NIST SP 800-232), based on the Ascon algorithm family. Designed for resource-constrained devices like those in the Internet of Things (IoT), RFID tags, and medical implants, the standard offers robust protection against cyberattacks. It includes variants for authenticated encryption with associated data (AEAD) and hashing, and considers side-channel attack resistance. This flexible and extensible standard provides a strong foundation for securing the ever-growing number of connected devices.

(www.nist.gov)

Tech lightweight cryptography

Is Computer Art Just Another Fad?

2025-06-03

Is Computer Art Just Another Fad?

This article critiques the notion of "computer art" as merely the latest fashion trend manipulated by art dealers. The author argues that the use of computers in art shouldn't be limited to producing more aesthetically pleasing objects but should focus on its potential to reveal social realities, enhance communication, and foster understanding. Several research avenues are proposed, such as investigating technology's impact on artists and their work, analyzing the sign systems of different artistic styles, and examining the role of aesthetic information in broader societal contexts. The author believes the true value of computers lies in their utility as tools serving more significant social issues, rather than becoming another art trend catering to market demands.

(dam.org)

Design computer art art trends aesthetic information

My Adventures with LLM Coding Agents: Level Up Your AI-Assisted Development

2025-08-23

My Adventures with LLM Coding Agents: Level Up Your AI-Assisted Development

This post details a hobbyist's journey using Large Language Model (LLM) coding agents to build software beyond their skill level. The author shares hard-won tips for maximizing efficiency, including effective context management (providing relevant information without overwhelming the model), meticulous design documentation, detailed planning and task breakdown, comprehensive logging for debugging, and defensive Git strategies. The author emphasizes the importance of using tools to extract information from large files, compacting context to avoid losing the big picture, and treating the agent as a tool rather than a collaborator. By following these strategies, the author successfully completed a complex project.

(efitz-thoughts.blogspot.com)

Development

Bridging Elixir and Go Backends with a Crystal Wrapper

2025-06-19

Bridging Elixir and Go Backends with a Crystal Wrapper

The Mozi team needed to connect a new Elixir Phoenix LiveView app to an existing Go backend. They explored NIFs and Ports, but ultimately chose Erlang's C Node approach, using Crystal to write a C wrapper for improved maintainability. This decouples the codebases at compile and runtime, leveraging `Node.list` in Elixir to detect C node connectivity and S6 for in-container restarts. While there's a performance penalty crossing the C/Go boundary, it's acceptable for their use case. The result is a slick three-language (Elixir, Crystal, Go) mashup that enhances maintainability.

(relistan.com)

Development

Debian GNU/kFreeBSD: A Hybrid OS Blending Debian and FreeBSD

2025-03-08

Debian GNU/kFreeBSD is a unique operating system that merges the Debian userland with the FreeBSD kernel. This article explores its architecture, installation process, benefits (like ZFS support and performance optimizations), and limitations (software compatibility and community support). While offering a compelling blend of Debian's vast software repository and FreeBSD's robust kernel, it's important to consider the challenges before diving in. It remains an interesting experiment in OS hybridization.

(www.linuxjournal.com)

Development

Biden Signs Executive Order: Securing US AI Infrastructure Leadership

2025-01-14

Biden Signs Executive Order: Securing US AI Infrastructure Leadership

President Biden signed an executive order aiming to solidify US leadership in AI infrastructure. The order outlines a plan to build advanced AI data centers on federal land, emphasizing collaboration with the private sector, clean energy utilization, national security, and economic competitiveness. The plan involves establishing at least three frontier AI data centers on federal land, coupled with clean energy facilities to meet their massive power needs. The order also commits to ensuring a fair and competitive landscape and benefiting American workers and communities.

(www.whitehouse.gov)

Tech Clean Energy

AI Coding Assistants: Empowerment or Threat?

2025-08-31

AI Coding Assistants: Empowerment or Threat?

The author explores the impact of AI coding assistants through personal experience. Initially feeling disheartened about AI replacing programmers, weeks of use revealed AI assistants not only boost coding efficiency but also offer new learning opportunities and creative workflows. However, this experience also brings contradictions: control over AI code, responsibility for bugs, and anxieties about programmers' self-worth. The author concludes AI assistants aren't simply threats or boons, but complex emotional experiences ultimately enhancing the joy of coding, like a human-speaking programming partner.

(levelup.gitconnected.com)

Development

Website Cookie Policy Explained

2025-05-03

Website Cookie Policy Explained

This website uses technologies like cookies to store and/or access device information to provide the best user experience. Consenting allows us to process data such as browsing behavior or unique IDs. Withdrawing consent may affect certain features. Technical storage or access is strictly necessary for enabling explicitly requested services or transmitting communications. It's also used for storing preferences (not user-requested), statistical purposes (anonymous), and creating user profiles for advertising or cross-site tracking for marketing.

(opensource.org)

Misc

Fukushima's Radioactive Legacy: Studying Insect Cognition

2025-09-14

Fukushima's Radioactive Legacy: Studying Insect Cognition

Scientists are investigating the impact of radiation on pollinating insects in the Fukushima exclusion zone. Using automated mazes, researchers are testing the learning and memory abilities of honeybees and giant hornets. Preliminary findings suggest a decline in cognitive function in insects from contaminated areas, correlating with the cesium-137 contamination gradient. While a direct causal link to radiation hasn't been definitively established, the uninhabited nature of the zone minimizes other contributing factors like pesticides, hinting at a potential detrimental effect of radiation on insect cognition and ecosystem health.

(news.cnrs.fr)

Tech Fukushima insect cognition radiation effects

Math Academy: A Veteran's Return to Linear Algebra

2025-02-22

Math Academy: A Veteran's Return to Linear Algebra

A blogger with a degree in math and physics has been stuck on the concept of eigenvectors in linear algebra for years. After struggling with traditional textbooks, he discovered Math Academy, an online education platform, and decided to subscribe. This series of blog posts will document his journey, from skepticism to experimentation, and a deep dive into the Math Academy system and curriculum. Ultimately, he'll explore the value and effectiveness of Math Academy, and its implications in the age of LLMs.

(frankhecker.com)

Development

arXivLabs: Experimenting with Community Collaboration

2025-05-20

arXivLabs is a framework enabling collaborators to develop and share new arXiv features directly on our website. Individuals and organizations working with arXivLabs embrace our values of openness, community, excellence, and user data privacy. arXiv is committed to these values and only partners with those who share them. Got an idea for a project that will benefit the arXiv community? Learn more about arXivLabs.

(arxiv.org)

Development

Conciseness Prompts Cause AI Hallucinations

2025-05-13

Conciseness Prompts Cause AI Hallucinations

A new study by Giskard reveals that instructing AI chatbots to be concise can paradoxically increase hallucinations, especially on ambiguous topics. Researchers found that concise prompts limit the model's ability to identify and correct errors, prioritizing brevity over accuracy. Even advanced models like GPT-4 are affected. This highlights the tension between user experience and factual accuracy, urging developers to carefully design system prompts.

(techcrunch.com)

AI AI hallucinations

Open-Source Watermark Segmentation Model from Diffusion Dynamics: Powering clear.photo

2025-04-14

Open-Source Watermark Segmentation Model from Diffusion Dynamics: Powering clear.photo

Diffusion Dynamics has open-sourced the core technology behind its watermark removal product, clear.photo: a watermark segmentation model. This deep learning model generates masks highlighting watermark regions, excelling at segmenting logo-based watermarks. The project provides a complete workflow for training and inference, including dataset generation, model training, and post-processing, and supports fine-tuning on Apple M-series chips. A key feature is its data augmentation strategy which randomizes watermark parameters, leading to robust performance. This aims to provide a clear, easily modifiable baseline for building more complex tools.

(github.com)

Development watermark removal image segmentation

Bias-Free Dual H2 Production System: 4x Higher Efficiency Than DOE Target

2025-05-11

Bias-Free Dual H2 Production System: 4x Higher Efficiency Than DOE Target

Researchers have devised a novel bias-free dual hydrogen production system, replacing the energy-intensive oxygen evolution reaction with the cost-effective oxidation of furfural. The system consists of a highly efficient PtC/Ni/c-Si photocathode for water reduction and a copper anode for furfural oxidation, producing valuable furoic acid and hydrogen. This design cleverly harnesses the high photocurrent of the c-Si photocathode, eliminating the need for external bias and achieving a significantly higher hydrogen production rate than conventional water splitting. The solar hydrogen production rate is more than 8 times higher than previously reported bias-free PEC H2 production systems, far exceeding the US Department of Energy (DOE) target.

(www.nature.com)

Tech photoelectrochemistry hydrogen production

Wayland Focus Stealing Prevention: The XDG Activation Story

2025-08-09

Unlike X, Wayland requires applications to use the XDG Activation protocol to bring their windows to the front. This protocol uses tokens to ensure focus changes are legitimate, preventing rogue applications from stealing focus. The KDE community recently fixed several applications' XDG Activation issues (Dolphin, KRunner, etc.) and strengthened KWin's focus stealing prevention, improving the Wayland user experience. KWin will gradually tighten its focus stealing policy to enforce proper application behavior.

(blog.broulik.de)

Development

Astronomical Seeing: The Unsung Hero (and Villain) of Astrophotography

2025-06-03

Astronomical Seeing: The Unsung Hero (and Villain) of Astrophotography

Even with perfect equipment and clear skies, atmospheric seeing can ruin your astrophotography. This article recounts a frustrating experience with poor seeing, then delves into how seeing affects different types of astrophotography (planetary, deep-sky, lunar). It explains how to measure seeing, predict optimal imaging times, and cope with poor conditions using techniques like lucky imaging. The article differentiates seeing from transparency and concludes with strategies for maximizing results despite less-than-ideal seeing, emphasizing the importance of target selection and adaptive techniques for capturing stunning cosmic images.

(astroimagery.com)

Tech seeing lucky imaging

arXivLabs: Community-Driven Experiments on arXiv

2025-02-18

arXivLabs is a framework enabling collaborators to develop and share new arXiv features directly on the website. Participants, individuals and organizations alike, embrace arXiv's values of openness, community, excellence, and user data privacy. arXiv is committed to these values and only partners with those who share them. Got an idea to enhance the arXiv community? Explore arXivLabs.

(arxiv.org)

Development

Firefly: AI-Powered Real-Time Fitness Feedback

2025-03-11

Firefly is a unique workout app offering real-time form feedback using a reliable pose tracker and trainer data. Unlike apps that only suggest routines, Firefly rates your form and provides instant corrections for every rep, ensuring proper technique and injury prevention. Its speed and accuracy surpass competitors, leveraging proprietary trainer data instead of unreliable third-party sources. Firefly provides continuous feedback, helping you improve even when making mistakes.

(www.firefly.fitness)

AI AI fitness pose tracking real-time feedback

Roame Hiring: Lead Full-Stack Engineer to Revolutionize Travel Booking with AI

2025-05-11

Roame Hiring: Lead Full-Stack Engineer to Revolutionize Travel Booking with AI

Roame, a flight search engine leveraging credit card points and miles, is seeking a Lead Full-Stack Engineer. Backed by top-tier investors, Roame empowers millions to maximize their points' value. The ideal candidate possesses 4+ years of experience, mastery of Next.js, Firebase, and Go, and a strong understanding of AI pipelines. The San Francisco-based role requires in-person work. Roame offers competitive salary, equity, benefits, and a culture emphasizing collaboration and rapid iteration.

(www.ycombinator.com)

Development Travel Booking

Ancient Wonder Resurrected: 22 Massive Blocks of the Lighthouse of Alexandria Recovered

2025-07-18

Ancient Wonder Resurrected: 22 Massive Blocks of the Lighthouse of Alexandria Recovered

Twenty-two massive stone blocks from the ancient Lighthouse of Alexandria, one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World, have been recovered from the Mediterranean seabed after centuries underwater. This breakthrough is part of the PHAROS project, using advanced technology to virtually reconstruct the structure. The recovered blocks, including monumental entrance lintels and foundation stones, show a blend of Egyptian and Greek styles, reflecting Alexandria's multicultural past. These blocks will be digitally scanned and reassembled by engineers, creating a virtual twin of the lighthouse to reveal its original glory and the cause of its collapse.

(archaeologymag.com)

Tech Lighthouse of Alexandria Seven Wonders of the Ancient World Digital Reconstruction

Mozilla to Shut Down Pocket Read-It-Later Service in 2025

2025-05-22

Mozilla to Shut Down Pocket Read-It-Later Service in 2025

Mozilla announced it will shut down its popular read-it-later service, Pocket, on July 8, 2025, disappointing longtime users. While users can continue saving and reading until July, the service will become export-only afterward, with all data permanently deleted on October 8. Mozilla cites changes in how people consume content and a desire to focus resources on tools aligning with modern online habits. Premium subscribers will receive refunds. A portion of Pocket's functionality will live on as the "Ten Tabs" newsletter.

(betanews.com)

Tech Read-it-later

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