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Prolog: The Elegance of Declarative Programming

2025-01-26

This article delves into the simplicity and power of Prolog, a logic programming language. Unlike popular imperative languages (like Python, Java), Prolog employs a declarative paradigm, focusing on describing the problem rather than specifying the solution steps. The author demonstrates Prolog's advantages in conciseness and adaptability by comparing Prolog and Kotlin implementations of an authorization system. The Prolog code is significantly more compact, and modifications are easier when requirements change (e.g., adding a time dimension). While Prolog has a steeper learning curve, mastering it broadens programming perspectives and helps maintain system simplicity.

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(bitsandtheorems.com)
Development Declarative Programming

Supabase: Remote-First Open Source Firebase Alternative Hiring Now

2025-01-06
Supabase: Remote-First Open Source Firebase Alternative Hiring Now

Supabase, a fully remote and asynchronous open-source alternative to Firebase, is hiring globally! They offer excellent benefits including a hardware budget, full health coverage, and annual off-sites. Supabase values open collaboration and boasts a globally distributed team and large community. If you're passionate about open source and want to work in a vibrant and diverse team, apply for a position at Supabase.

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(supabase.com)
Development

Boston Dynamics Partners with RAI Institute to Boost Atlas Robot's Reinforcement Learning

2025-02-06
Boston Dynamics Partners with RAI Institute to Boost Atlas Robot's Reinforcement Learning

Boston Dynamics announced a partnership with its own Robotics & AI Institute (RAI Institute) to leverage reinforcement learning and enhance the capabilities of its electric humanoid robot, Atlas. The collaboration aims to accelerate Atlas's learning of new tasks and improve its movement and interaction in real-world environments, such as dynamic running and manipulating heavy objects. This marks a significant advancement in reinforcement learning for robotics and highlights the importance of vertically integrating robot AI, echoing Figure AI's decision to abandon its partnership with OpenAI.

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(techcrunch.com)
AI Humanoid Robot Boston Dynamics

Uncrackable Encryption: AI-Powered Holographic Security System

2025-02-02

Researchers in Greece have developed a novel optical encryption system using holograms and artificial intelligence. Information is encoded as a hologram in a laser beam, which becomes completely and randomly scrambled when passing through a small container of ethanol. This scrambling is impossible to decrypt using traditional methods. A trained neural network acts as a decryption key, successfully decoding the chaotic light patterns with 90-95% accuracy. This technology promises to enhance security for applications like digital currencies, healthcare, and communications.

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(www.optica.org)
Tech optical encryption holography

H5N1 Avian Flu: A Deep Dive into the Pandemic Threat

2025-01-01
H5N1 Avian Flu: A Deep Dive into the Pandemic Threat

This article delves into the potential pandemic threat posed by the H5N1 avian flu virus. The virus has already infected birds, cows, and mink, and has now been detected in pigs. While human cases remain relatively low, the author, drawing on epidemiological models and expert forecasts, assesses the probability of a pandemic in the next year (5%), and the potential mortality rate (ranging from comparable to a normal seasonal flu to resembling the 1918 Spanish flu). The article also discusses strategies for responding to a potential pandemic and highlights the economic impact on agriculture.

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(www.astralcodexten.com)
Tech Avian Flu Pandemic

AppleCare+ Denies Claim for MacBook Pro Destroyed in Car Crash

2025-01-29
AppleCare+ Denies Claim for MacBook Pro Destroyed in Car Crash

A Redditor's MacBook Pro was totaled in a car accident. Despite having AppleCare+ for accidental damage, Apple denied the claim, citing the extent of the damage. While AppleCare+ covers accidental damage, vague clauses about "similar external causes" and "reckless conduct" allowed Apple to deny coverage. This raises questions about the scope of AppleCare+ protection and whether Apple is misinterpreting its own terms.

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(9to5mac.com)
Tech Accidental Damage

Critical Security Flaw Found in Contec CMS8000 Patient Monitor Firmware

2025-01-31

CISA issued a security advisory revealing critical vulnerabilities in the firmware of the Contec CMS8000 patient monitor. Analysis shows all three firmware versions analyzed contain a backdoor with a hardcoded IP address (CVE-2025-0626) and functionality that could lead to patient data spillage (CVE-2025-0683). These vulnerabilities could allow remote code execution and device modification, jeopardizing patient safety. CISA urges users to update firmware and take additional security measures.

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(www.cisa.gov)
Tech medical security cybersecurity vulnerability

Most People Don't Care About Quality: The Rise of 'Good Enough'

2025-01-01
Most People Don't Care About Quality: The Rise of 'Good Enough'

This article explores the disparity in people's perception of quality. It argues that while professionals like designers and photographers prioritize detail and perfection, most people are largely insensitive to differences in quality, favoring convenience and ease of consumption. The article uses Netflix as a case study, analyzing the success of its low-cost, high-volume content strategy and predicting a future dominated by AI-generated content. This isn't because AI-generated content is inherently good, but because most people don't notice or care about imperfections, prioritizing basic needs and accessibility. The article concludes with the observation that this 'good enough' mentality permeates various fields, from clothing and food to entertainment, where value for money and convenience outweigh the pursuit of ultimate quality.

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(shkspr.mobi)
Misc quality perception AI content generation

Zig 0.13.0 Released: A General-Purpose Language Focused on Robustness and Optimization

2025-02-05
Zig 0.13.0 Released: A General-Purpose Language Focused on Robustness and Optimization

Zig 0.13.0 has been released, a general-purpose programming language and toolchain designed for building robust, optimal, and reusable software. While currently unstable, Zig's focus on low-level programming concepts makes it an attractive option for experienced programmers. Prior experience with languages like C, C++, Rust, or Go will be helpful.

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(zig.guide)
Development low-level programming

Minimum Bipartite Matching via Riemann Optimization

2025-01-08

This paper presents a novel approach to solving the minimum bipartite matching problem using Riemann optimization. The author transforms the combinatorial optimization problem into an unconstrained optimization problem on the manifold of doubly stochastic matrices and solves it using Riemann gradient descent. Experimental results show that this method can effectively find the optimal solution and has good convergence. This research cleverly combines combinatorial mathematics, differential geometry, and computer science, providing a new perspective for solving such problems.

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(ocramz.github.io)
Development Riemann optimization bipartite matching combinatorial optimization

AI is Breeding a Generation of Illiterate Programmers

2025-01-24

A seasoned programmer, after a ChatGPT outage, discovered his coding skills had severely deteriorated due to over-reliance on AI. He no longer reads documentation, debugs effectively, or even examines error messages, instead directly copy-pasting AI-generated solutions. This has robbed him of the joy and ability to deeply understand code, diminishing his programming passion. He urges programmers to use AI moderately, practicing regular AI-free coding sessions to avoid becoming dependent on AI and losing the ability to solve problems independently. The article warns that while AI enhances efficiency, it can also lead to skill degradation; a balance must be maintained to stay competitive in the age of AI. Try a day without AI; the results might surprise you.

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(nmn.gl)
Development developers

Bash Has Hashmaps?!

2025-01-11

This blog post reveals a hidden gem in bash scripting: built-in support for hashmaps (associative arrays)! The author, while working on a project involving GPU instance management, discovered this feature and shares how to use it. The post details how to declare, assign values to, read, iterate over, and delete key-value pairs within a bash hashmap, showcasing two declaration methods: dynamic addition and pre-defined key-value pairs. This is a valuable technique for efficiently handling key-value data within bash scripts.

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(xeiaso.net)
Development Hashmaps Shell Scripting

Video Game History Foundation Launches Digital Library

2025-01-31
Video Game History Foundation Launches Digital Library

The Video Game History Foundation (VGHF) has launched its digital library, a treasure trove of historical video game materials. This includes scans of the 1999 E3 catalog and old PC Gamer magazines, even unearthing information on the obscure 3D racing game Pretzel Pete. Digitizing this information proved challenging, requiring the development of a custom text recognition tool to handle the complex layouts of 90s gaming magazines. While direct access to game ROMs is currently restricted by copyright, the VGHF continues to advocate for change.

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(arstechnica.com)
Game

SparkCat: Crypto-Stealing Malware Lurking in App Stores

2025-02-05
SparkCat: Crypto-Stealing Malware Lurking in App Stores

ESET researchers uncovered a cross-platform malware dubbed "SparkCat" hidden within Google Play and the App Store, affecting over 242,000 downloads. The malware embeds a malicious SDK, using OCR to identify images of cryptocurrency wallet recovery phrases in users' photo galleries and sending them to a C2 server. Attackers employed a custom C2 communication protocol written in Rust, increasing analysis difficulty. The malware aims to steal cryptocurrency and utilizes multiple techniques to evade security measures.

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(securelist.com)
Tech app store security

Insights into the Structure of Neural Embeddings

2024-12-27
Insights into the Structure of Neural Embeddings

This article explores the structure of embeddings (latent spaces) produced by deep neural networks. Several key hypotheses are summarized: the Manifold Hypothesis (high-dimensional data lies in a low-dimensional manifold); Hierarchical Organization (features organize hierarchically across layers); Linear Hypothesis (neural networks represent features as linear directions in their activation space); Superposition Hypothesis (neural nets represent more independent features than a layer has neurons); Universality Hypothesis (circuits reappear across different models for the same data); Adversarial Vulnerability (small input changes cause large embedding shifts); and Neural Collapse (after training, class features cluster tightly around their means). These hypotheses collectively illuminate the complexity and potential limitations of deep neural network embeddings.

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(seanpedersen.github.io)
AI embeddings

Critical Security Flaws Found in Apple Silicon: SLAP and FLOP Attacks

2025-01-28

Researchers have uncovered two critical security vulnerabilities, dubbed SLAP and FLOP, affecting Apple's M2/A15 and later chipsets. SLAP exploits incorrect guesses by the Load Address Predictor (LAP) during speculative execution to access out-of-bounds data, leaking sensitive information like email content and browsing history in Safari. FLOP leverages mispredictions by the Load Value Predictor (LVP) to bypass memory safety checks, stealing data such as location history, calendar events, and credit card information from Safari and Chrome. These attacks exploit speculative execution and affect most Apple devices released since 2022. Apple is aware and plans to address these issues in an upcoming security update; users are urged to keep their systems and apps updated.

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(predictors.fail)
Tech Apple Security Vulnerability Speculative Execution Attack

Vatican Weighs In: AI, Human Dignity, and the Common Good

2025-01-30

A joint report from the Vatican's Dicastery for the Doctrine of the Faith and the Dicastery for Culture and Education explores the challenges and opportunities posed by Artificial Intelligence (AI). While acknowledging AI's remarkable ability to mimic certain aspects of human intelligence, the report emphasizes the fundamental differences between AI and human intelligence. Human intelligence, it argues, is holistic, encompassing reason, emotion, embodiment, and relationality—dimensions absent in current AI systems. The report stresses that AI development and use must uphold human dignity and promote integral human development, cautioning against applications that could lead to discrimination, manipulation, or social disruption. It calls for responsibility, transparency, and accountability in AI, ensuring it serves the common good.

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(www.vatican.va)
AI Human Dignity Tech and Religion

Decompilation's Resurgence: A Look Back at 2024

2025-01-30
Decompilation's Resurgence: A Look Back at 2024

2024 marked a significant resurgence in decompilation research. Academic publications from that year comprised nearly 30% of all top-tier publications ever in the field. This post summarizes the academic and ideological advancements in decompilation during 2024. A surge in academic papers occurred, with four focusing on defining 'good' decompilation and four exploring AI's role, including symbol prediction and code simplification. Nearly all papers included open-source implementations, fostering industry adoption. The year also saw a tour by decompilation pioneer Dr. Cristina Cifuentes and a prominent expert panel at Recon 2024, further driving the field forward.

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(mahaloz.re)
Development decompilation

Sentry: Earth Impact Monitoring System

2025-01-29

Sentry is a system designed to monitor asteroids that pose a potential impact risk to Earth. By analyzing asteroid orbital data, it calculates the probability and potential consequences of an impact. The system provides information such as impact probability, energy, and date, and uses the Torino and Palermo scales to assess risk. While no currently known asteroids pose a high threat, Sentry continuously monitors and provides crucial data for planetary defense.

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(cneos.jpl.nasa.gov)
Tech

SCQA: A Framework for Compelling Storytelling

2025-02-03
SCQA: A Framework for Compelling Storytelling

SCQA is a framework for structuring information using Situation, Complication, Question, and Answer to create clear, engaging narratives. The article uses gamification in physical therapy as an example, showing how SCQA transforms a mundane process into a compelling story, improving patient engagement. Applicable across various fields—business, policy, science—and media—emails, presentations, books, blogs—SCQA enhances communication and clarity.

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(analytic-storytelling.com)
Development narrative framework information structuring

DoxyPress 1.7.0 Released: Streamlining Documentation Generation

2025-01-13

DoxyPress 1.7.0 is now available! This powerful documentation generator, built on CopperSpice, simplifies the documentation creation process. This release includes installation, building, usage instructions, and a FAQ, along with extensive customization options. Whether you're a beginner or an experienced developer, you can easily generate high-quality documentation quickly.

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(www.copperspice.com)
Development documentation generation

Svelte 5: A Conversation with Rich Harris on the Future of Frameworks

2025-01-28
Svelte 5: A Conversation with Rich Harris on the Future of Frameworks

Smashing Magazine interviewed Rich Harris, the creator of Svelte, revealing major updates and future directions for Svelte 5. A ground-up rewrite, Svelte 5 introduces clearer state management. Harris emphasizes that Svelte's goal isn't solely market share, but building high-quality, resilient, and accessible applications, and improving overall software quality by addressing widespread flaws. Future efforts will focus on the surrounding ecosystem, including SvelteKit, aiming to become a Rails or Laravel for JavaScript, simplifying full-stack development.

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(www.smashingmagazine.com)
Development Web Frameworks

BYD: World's Largest Automaker by R&D Workforce

2024-12-31
BYD: World's Largest Automaker by R&D Workforce

BYD has become the world's largest automaker by R&D workforce after a major hiring spree, boasting over 110,000 R&D employees among its 900,000-strong workforce. This follows a strong Q2 2024 where it outsold Honda and Nissan, solidifying its position as the world's seventh-largest automaker. BYD's massive R&D team is focused on developing longer-range, more affordable EVs, and the company is expanding into new markets with plans for new plants in Turkey, Mexico, Brazil, and Pakistan. This aggressive expansion, coupled with its already significant position as the world's second-largest EV battery maker, positions BYD for continued growth and leadership in the electric vehicle market.

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(electrek.co)
Tech BYD Electric Vehicles R&D

DeepSeek-R1: An Open-Source LLM That Can Reason

2025-01-27
DeepSeek-R1: An Open-Source LLM That Can Reason

DeepSeek-R1 is a cutting-edge large language model (LLM) that boasts impressive reasoning capabilities. Unlike typical LLMs that simply predict the next word, DeepSeek-R1 generates 'thinking tokens' to systematically solve problems. Its training involves three stages: first, a base model is trained on massive datasets; second, supervised fine-tuning using 600,000 long chain-of-thought reasoning examples generated by a specialized reasoning model; and finally, reinforcement learning to enhance both reasoning and non-reasoning task performance. DeepSeek-R1's success demonstrates that combining high-quality base models with automatically verifiable reasoning tasks significantly reduces reliance on labeled data, paving the way for future LLM advancements.

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(newsletter.languagemodels.co)
AI

Is Your 3D Printing Filament Ruining Your Prints? The Ultimate Guide to Drying and Storage

2025-02-05
Is Your 3D Printing Filament Ruining Your Prints? The Ultimate Guide to Drying and Storage

This comprehensive guide tackles the often-overlooked issue of filament moisture in 3D printing. It details how hygroscopic filaments absorb moisture, leading to problems like stringing and poor adhesion. The guide covers different filament types and their hygroscopicity, symptoms of wet filament, and various drying methods, from dedicated dryers to oven drying (with strong cautions!). It also provides detailed storage solutions, emphasizing airtight containers with desiccants and vacuum-sealed bags. Proper desiccant care is also addressed, highlighting the need to periodically dry the desiccant itself.

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(syntaxglow.com)
Hardware filament drying

Sophisticated Phishing Attack Leverages VPN Access

2025-01-29

The University of Toronto's Computer Science department was hit by a highly sophisticated phishing attack. The attacker spoofed a departmental email address, successfully phishing a user's password. Alarmingly, the attacker used the stolen credentials to quickly register the user for the department's VPN, then used the internal-only SMTP gateway to send spam. This demonstrates pre-attack reconnaissance of the target's VPN and email environment, highlighting increasingly advanced attack techniques and the need for robust cybersecurity defenses.

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(utcc.utoronto.ca)
Tech VPN exploitation

Wine 10.0-rc4 Released: Enhanced Stability and Compatibility

2025-01-04
Wine 10.0-rc4 Released: Enhanced Stability and Compatibility

The release candidate Wine 10.0-rc4 marks a significant step towards the upcoming major update of this open-source compatibility layer. This release focuses heavily on improved stability and compatibility, promising a smoother experience for running Windows applications. The development team has invested significant effort in bug fixes and performance enhancements, paving the way for a robust final release. Expect exciting improvements in the final version.

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(gitlab.winehq.org)
Development Compatibility Layer

Nextest: Why Process-per-Test?

2025-01-12
Nextest: Why Process-per-Test?

Cargo-nextest, a Rust test runner, distinguishes itself by running each test in a separate process. This article delves into the rationale, emphasizing not just the technical benefits but also its role as a coordination point within the massive Rust ecosystem. Process isolation prevents test interference, addressing issues like shared resource contention and memory leaks, thus boosting reliability. While process creation incurs some overhead, the advantages outweigh the costs, particularly for large test suites, making it a stable and reliable focal point in Rust testing.

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(sunshowers.io)
Development test runner process isolation

Airflow: Redefining Video Streaming

2025-01-29

Airflow is a one-time purchase, lifetime-use video streaming software that streams videos to Chromecast, Apple TV, and AirPlay 2 enabled TVs. Unlike others, Airflow boasts a custom-built video processing pipeline. It supports features like HEVC video streaming to Apple TV without transcoding, adaptive audio volume, spatial headphone downmix, and even real-time subtitle text recognition (OCR) for enhanced 4K video playback. It also offers a remote control app, supports various subtitle and audio formats, and features a polished UI with powerful capabilities such as multiple playlist support and speed testing.

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(airflow.app)
Development video streaming
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