Surface-Stable Fractal Dithering on a Playdate: A Tale of Optimization

2025-02-22

This post details the author's attempt to implement surface-stable fractal dithering on the Playdate handheld, a device with a 1-bit monochrome screen. The process proved challenging due to the limited hardware capabilities. The author meticulously documents the journey, including implementing perspective-correct texture mapping, displaying brightness on a 1-bit screen, and optimizing the fractal dithering algorithm itself. Through numerous optimizations, including algorithmic simplification and switching from a half-space rasterizer to a scanline rasterizer, the author achieves a frame rate of 20-22 FPS, but acknowledges further improvements are possible.

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A Transputer Emulator in JavaScript: A 90s OS Reborn in Your Browser

2025-04-04
A Transputer Emulator in JavaScript: A 90s OS Reborn in Your Browser

A developer has ported their C-based Transputer emulator to JavaScript. Surprisingly fast, this emulator comes pre-loaded with a full-blown operating system from Spring 1996, including a C compiler, assembler, 3D modeler, and ray tracer. Users can experience this retro OS directly in their browser, running commands and even attempting to self-compile the C compiler! This showcases the advancements in JavaScript JIT compilation and the developer's passion for retro technology.

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Development Retro OS

Anime Catgirls and the Linux Kernel: A Cost Analysis of an Anti-Crawler Mechanism

2025-08-21

Recently, more websites are using Anubis, an anti-crawler system that uses a mining-like process to verify visitor identity, requiring users to perform SHA-256 operations to gain access. The author questions the effectiveness of Anubis because it's trivial for AI crawlers with powerful computing capabilities but inconvenient for ordinary users. Through calculations, the author finds that even with tens of thousands of websites deploying Anubis, the cost of cracking its verification mechanism is virtually zero. The author finally provides a simple C program to bypass Anubis's restrictions and points out a vulnerability in the Anubis system.

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Tech

Apple Patches Zero-Day Vulnerability Used in Sophisticated Attacks

2025-02-10
Apple Patches Zero-Day Vulnerability Used in Sophisticated Attacks

Apple has released emergency security updates to address a zero-day vulnerability (CVE-2025-24200) exploited in targeted, sophisticated attacks. The vulnerability could bypass USB Restricted Mode on locked devices, potentially allowing data extraction. This mode was designed to prevent forensic software from accessing data on locked iOS devices. Apple urges users to update immediately to mitigate potential ongoing attacks. This incident highlights the importance of regular software updates and mobile device security.

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Kagi Family Plan: A Safer Search Experience for Kids

2025-03-31
Kagi Family Plan: A Safer Search Experience for Kids

Kagi's new Family Plan prioritizes a safe and private search experience for families. It features a kid-friendly interface, parental controls (including whitelisting and blacklisting websites), and AI-powered quick answers with safety warnings and content filtering. Kagi also uses fun avatars, like a poop emoji, to teach kids about online identity and privacy. The plan's unique approach emphasizes child online safety and promotes responsible tech use through engaging, lighthearted methods.

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Git Shallow Clones: Performance Pitfalls and the Depth 2 Optimization

2025-02-12
Git Shallow Clones: Performance Pitfalls and the Depth 2 Optimization

Git shallow clones (`--depth 1`) can significantly impact performance on the first push. This is because shallow clones artificially mark some commits as root commits, preventing the server from using optimizations and requiring the transmission of the entire commit snapshot. Using `--depth 2` deep clones, however, preserves a complete commit history, allowing the server to utilize optimizations even on the first push, reducing data transfer and significantly improving push speed. Subsequent pushes are unaffected.

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Development shallow clone

The Open Source Maintainer's Dilemma: How to Actually Help

2025-03-10

A developer on Hacker News highlights the challenges faced by open-source maintainers. Large organizations rely on these projects for cost savings but rarely contribute back, leaving maintainers overwhelmed. The core issue is poor communication: maintainers lack clear contribution guidelines, leaving contributors unsure how to help effectively. The author suggests maintainers clearly state their needs—whether they accept PRs, how to submit bug reports, and if they accept monetary support—to improve efficiency and collaboration.

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Development maintenance

Looking Backward: A Utopian Novel Reflecting American Social Contradictions

2024-12-21
Looking Backward: A Utopian Novel Reflecting American Social Contradictions

Edward Bellamy's 1888 bestseller, *Looking Backward, 2000-1887*, depicted a utopian America in the year 2000, free from poverty and social unrest. The protagonist time-travels to experience this society where the state controls resources and equality reigns. However, the novel is not merely idealistic; it reflects the stark inequalities, worker exploitation, and political corruption of late 19th-century America. Bellamy offered a solution to these problems, albeit one that appears naive and utopian today. Despite its dated aspects, the novel's exploration of social conflict and the pursuit of justice remains relevant.

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Nostalgic Internet: We Never Lost the Toxicity, We Just Forgot It

2025-01-12
Nostalgic Internet: We Never Lost the Toxicity, We Just Forgot It

A wave of nostalgia has recently swept the internet, with many yearning for a friendlier, simpler online world of 20 years ago. However, this article argues that this nostalgia overlooks the inherent toxicity and problems that existed even then. It explores the evolution of the internet, how platforms became dominated by large corporations, and the proliferation of hate speech and data extraction. Some view the internet as a failed utopia, while others remain hopeful, advocating for solutions such as reclaiming digital sovereignty and supporting self-organized projects to rebuild a kinder, fairer online space.

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Compiler Options Hardening Guide for C and C++: A Security Deep Dive

2025-03-31

This OpenSSF guide details compiler and linker options to enhance the security and reliability of C/C++ code. It recommends flags for compile-time vulnerability detection and runtime protection against buffer overflows and control-flow hijacking. The guide analyzes performance trade-offs and use cases for each option, stressing the importance of secure coding practices.

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Hit Reinforcement Learning Textbook: Mathematical Foundations and Accompanying Videos

2025-03-10
Hit Reinforcement Learning Textbook: Mathematical Foundations and Accompanying Videos

A reinforcement learning textbook that has received 5,000+ stars, providing a mathematical yet accessible introduction to fundamental concepts, problems, and classic algorithms. The book includes numerous examples and is accompanied by Chinese and English lecture videos (available on Bilibili and YouTube). Developed over years of teaching experience, it's suitable for undergraduates, graduates, researchers, and practitioners.

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Development

ACCESS.bus: The Forgotten Universal Serial Bus That Lives On

2025-03-03
ACCESS.bus: The Forgotten Universal Serial Bus That Lives On

ACCESS.bus, a universal serial bus based on the I²C protocol, attempted to challenge USB in the 1990s but ultimately failed. This article recounts its history, from DEC's ambitious vision to its eventual use in monitor communication (DDC), and explores the reasons for its failure: slow speed, lack of major vendor support, and DEC's declining influence. While ACCESS.bus didn't become mainstream, parts of its technology persist in HDMI and DisplayPort, showcasing its innovative and forward-thinking nature.

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Tech

NVIDIA to Build Massive AI Supercomputer Manufacturing in the US

2025-04-14
NVIDIA to Build Massive AI Supercomputer Manufacturing in the US

NVIDIA is partnering with TSMC, Foxconn, Wistron, Amkor, and SPIL to build over a million square feet of manufacturing space in Arizona and Texas for its Blackwell AI chips and supercomputers. Over the next four years, they plan to produce up to half a trillion dollars worth of AI infrastructure in the US, creating hundreds of thousands of jobs and boosting economic security. This initiative marks a significant step in establishing a robust US AI infrastructure, strengthening supply chain resilience, and meeting the soaring demand for AI computing power.

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China's Meng Xiang: Drilling 11km into the Earth's Crust

2025-04-14

China's new deep-sea drilling vessel, the Meng Xiang ('Dream'), a colossal 42,600-ton vessel, aims to drill 11 kilometers beneath the ocean floor—deeper than ever before attempted. Equipped with a revolutionary hydraulic lifting mast and multiple drilling modes, it can adapt to various geological conditions. The primary goal is to penetrate the Mohorovičić discontinuity (Moho), unlocking secrets about Earth's internal composition and potentially discovering valuable resources. This represents a significant leap in China's deep-sea exploration capabilities and its strategic ambitions.

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Nexus Mods Founder Steps Down After 24 Years

2025-06-17
Nexus Mods Founder Steps Down After 24 Years

After nearly 24 years of running Nexus Mods, the founder is stepping back from day-to-day management. Started in 2001 in a bedroom with a 56k modem, the site grew from a simple platform for modders to share their work into a massive community. The immense pressure, however, took a toll on the founder's health. He's found a suitable successor team, ensuring the site's community-first and mod-author-focused values remain intact. While stepping down, the founder will still be involved in community matters and assist the new team in guiding Nexus Mods into the future.

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Game

Online Nostalgia Trip: A Retro Gaming Paradise

2025-01-20

Relive your childhood gaming memories with this website! It boasts a massive collection of online DOS games, Atari 2600 titles, and other classic retro games. A powerful search function and multiple sorting options (by developer, publisher, genre, etc.) make finding your favorites a breeze. Whether you're craving a game of Oregon Trail or another timeless classic, this site is your portal to instant retro gaming fun.

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Mastercard's Five-Year-Old DNS Error

2025-01-22

A security researcher, Philippe Caturegli, uncovered a nearly five-year-old error in Mastercard's domain name server settings. This misconfiguration could have allowed anyone to intercept or divert internet traffic for the company by registering an unused domain name. Caturegli spent $300 to register the domain 'akam.ne' to prevent its exploitation by cybercriminals. Mastercard acknowledged the mistake but claimed no real security risk existed. The incident highlights the potential for significant vulnerabilities in even large organizations' DNS configurations.

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AI Sleuths: New Tools Detect Errors in Research Papers

2025-03-08
AI Sleuths: New Tools Detect Errors in Research Papers

Two new AI-powered tools are revolutionizing research integrity. The Black Spatula Project, an open-source initiative, has analyzed approximately 500 papers, identifying numerous errors and contacting authors directly. YesNoError, a more ambitious project, has analyzed over 37,000 papers, flagging potential flaws on its website. Both aim to prevent errors and fraud from entering the scientific literature, but face challenges like high false positive rates and potential reputational damage. Despite these risks, experts see AI's potential as a powerful tool for initial screening and improving research efficiency.

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Level Up Your Digital Hygiene: A Practical Guide to Online Security

2025-03-19
Level Up Your Digital Hygiene: A Practical Guide to Online Security

This comprehensive guide outlines practical steps to enhance your digital security, covering everything from essential password managers and hardware security keys to more advanced techniques like disk encryption, VPNs, and network monitoring. The author stresses the importance of avoiding 'smart' devices, utilizing privacy-focused browsers and search engines, and protecting personal information. They share their preferred tools and strategies, including 1Password, YubiKey, Signal, and Brave browser, aiming to empower readers to build a more secure digital life and mitigate risks of data breaches and cyberattacks.

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WhippyTerm: A Modern Terminal for Embedded Developers

2025-05-06

WhippyTerm is a modern terminal program designed for embedded developers. It boasts a modern UI, runs on Windows and Linux, and offers unique features like bookmarks, built-in hex dumps, plugin extensibility, and native binary protocol support. It supports serial communication (RS232, RS485, RS422, TTL UART), TCP/IP, UDP, and I2C/SPI via plugins. It also handles binary protocols in serial streams and message block protocols like UDP, including support for sending binary or ASCII data blocks.

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Pebble Lives On: Open Source Code Reignites Hope

2025-02-07
Pebble Lives On: Open Source Code Reignites Hope

Google's release of the PebbleOS source code has breathed new life into the Pebble community. The Rebble team is hard at work developing new Pebble watch hardware and software, targeting the nRF52840 chipset. They're open-sourcing all updates and collaborating with factories and suppliers to create a new watch that closely resembles the classic Pebble experience, but with modifiable and improvable open-source software. Developers are welcome to join and contribute to improving PebbleOS, the Cobble app, and the Pebble SDK.

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Hardware

Open Hardware's Demise: How China's Patent Strategy is Stifling 3D Printing Innovation

2025-08-16
Open Hardware's Demise: How China's Patent Strategy is Stifling 3D Printing Innovation

A Hacker News post exposes a concerning trend: China's strategic use of patents to stifle open-source 3D printing hardware. Numerous Chinese companies leverage 'super deduction' policies to file patents on minor variations of existing technologies, effectively creating a patent minefield for smaller open-source projects. The high cost and time commitment of fighting these patents, even with prior art, puts open-source initiatives at a severe disadvantage. The author calls for the open-source community to unite and proactively monitor patent filings to protect the future of open hardware.

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Automating Responses to Real Estate Spam with LLMs

2025-01-24

The author built a system using LLMs to automatically respond to spam text messages from real estate brokers. The system involves modifying the Android-SMS-Gateway-MQTT app for bidirectional MQTT communication. A Python script listens for incoming texts via MQTT, uses an LLM to generate responses based on pre-defined personalities, and stores conversation context for coherence. Ollama is used for convenient experimentation and personality adjustments. The author shares screenshots of amusing interactions but also notes legal and security considerations.

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Development

A Time Traveler's Procrastination: A Strategy?

2025-03-18
A Time Traveler's Procrastination: A Strategy?

With eternity at your disposal, no task is truly urgent. But some crucial tasks are daunting, their failure signifying complete life failure. This article follows a time traveler who uses procrastination—listening to music, collecting old books, sightseeing, and even using tours to understand local history and culture—to study the 'memetic decay' of historical events, preparing for significant future tasks. His seemingly lazy procrastination is a part of a meticulous plan to outmaneuver his enemies.

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Jakt: A Memory-Safe Systems Programming Language

2025-03-25
Jakt: A Memory-Safe Systems Programming Language

Jakt is a new memory-safe systems programming language currently transpiling to C++. It employs strategies like automatic reference counting, strong typing, and bounds checking to ensure memory safety, avoiding raw pointers. Jakt emphasizes code readability with a flexible module system and clean syntax. It supports structs, classes, enums, pattern matching, generics, operator overloading, and exception handling, along with powerful compile-time features such as compile-time function execution. While still under development, Jakt aims to balance performance, safety, and developer productivity.

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Development

Terminal User Pain Points: Even Experts Struggle

2025-02-09

A survey of 1600 terminal users reveals persistent frustrations, even among seasoned users (40% with 21+ years of experience). Key issues include remembering command syntax (awk, jq, sed, etc.), keyboard shortcuts (tmux, text editors), and navigating inconsistencies across systems (OS differences, editor variations). Color configuration, copy/paste (across SSH, tmux, etc.), discoverability of useful tools, a steep learning curve, shell history management, and poor documentation also surfaced frequently. The results highlight the ongoing struggles even experienced users face with terminal minutiae, emphasizing the need for improved user experience.

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German Navy Ships Sabotaged, Raising Concerns About Russia

2025-02-14
German Navy Ships Sabotaged, Raising Concerns About Russia

Germany's Inspector of the Navy announced Tuesday that multiple German warships were sabotaged. This follows a report by Süddeutsche Zeitung detailing metal shavings found in the engine system of a new corvette. While not explicitly accusing any party, the naval chief warned of a growing threat from Russia. The incidents follow a string of suspicious fires and explosions at German ammunition facilities and factories, raising concerns about potential Russian involvement and the escalating threat to German and NATO security. Investigations are ongoing, but the sabotage points to a potential deliberate act of aggression.

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The Essence of Computing Science: Elegance over Complexity

2024-12-24

This essay by Edsger W. Dijkstra explores the nature of computing science. Dijkstra argues that computing science should be a highly formalized branch of mathematics, emphasizing methodology over factual knowledge, thus bridging the gap between theory and practice. He criticizes the current academic world's pursuit of complexity and the resulting neglect of simple and effective solutions, and calls on computer scientists to pursue elegant solutions and find joy in the process.

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LiveYou: Revolutionizing Learning with Real-time Interaction

2025-01-04

LiveYou is a groundbreaking online learning platform offering real-time interaction between students and instructors across any subject. Breaking free from traditional learning constraints, LiveYou provides a flexible, personalized learning experience. Users can select instructors and courses tailored to their needs, receiving personalized feedback and guidance through real-time interaction. This platform hints at a potential revolution in online education, offering learning unbound by time and location.

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