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A Java JIT Compiler and Runtime in Common Lisp: OpenLDK

2025-02-06
A Java JIT Compiler and Runtime in Common Lisp: OpenLDK

OpenLDK is a Just-In-Time (JIT) compiler and runtime environment for Java, implemented entirely in Common Lisp. It bridges the gap between Java and Common Lisp by incrementally translating Java bytecode into Lisp, then compiling it into native machine code. This unique approach allows seamless mapping of Java classes to Common Lisp Object System (CLOS) classes, enabling effortless integration between Java and Common Lisp codebases. While not designed for high performance, OpenLDK offers a practical solution for integrating Java libraries into a Lisp workflow. Currently, it primarily supports Linux and SBCL, and is a work in progress with many features yet to be implemented, such as support for class files beyond Java 8 and bytecode verification.

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(github.com)
Development

depthviz: Turn Your Dive Logs into Stunning Depth Overlay Videos

2025-02-06
depthviz: Turn Your Dive Logs into Stunning Depth Overlay Videos

depthviz is an open-source tool that transforms your dive logs (supporting Apnealizer, Garmin, Suunto, and more) into smooth, real-time depth display videos. It runs on Windows, macOS, and Linux, and offers extensive customization options like fonts, colors, and decimal places. Easily integrate the generated videos with CapCut, Premiere Pro, and other editors. depthviz intelligently smooths depth data, creating a natural display even with missing log entries. Whether analyzing dive technique or sharing your underwater adventures, depthviz is a powerful tool.

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(github.com)
Misc diving

The Surprising Physics of Microwave Ovens

2025-02-06

Microwave ovens are ubiquitous in American kitchens, but their inner workings are far more complex than simply heating food. This article delves into the science behind microwave cooking, explaining the formation of hot and cold spots, and offering strategies for optimal reheating. From its origins in WWII radar technology to its modern applications, the article traces the history of the microwave oven and explores the varying responses of different foods to microwave radiation. Practical tips are provided to avoid uneven heating, and safety concerns are addressed.

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(www.genuineideas.com)
Tech microwave oven cooking

GitHub Copilot Gets a Major Upgrade: Agent Mode and GA Copilot Edits

2025-02-06
GitHub Copilot Gets a Major Upgrade: Agent Mode and GA Copilot Edits

GitHub Copilot has received a significant update! The new agent mode empowers Copilot with greater autonomy, enabling it to iterate on code, identify and fix errors, and even infer and complete unspecified subtasks. Copilot Edits is now generally available, offering multi-file code editing with a smooth, conversational flow. Furthermore, GitHub teased Project Padawan, an autonomous software engineer agent that will handle GitHub issues, automatically generate and test code, and even assign reviewers. These updates aim to free developers from mundane tasks, allowing them to focus on more creative work.

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(github.blog)
Development

Keyboard Company Halts US Shipments Due to Trump Tariffs

2025-02-06
Keyboard Company Halts US Shipments Due to Trump Tariffs

Mechanical keyboard company Qwertykeys has temporarily suspended all shipments to the US due to President Trump's tariffs on Chinese goods. The 45% tariff increase, coupled with DHL's new requirement for a 50% prepayment of declared value plus a $21 processing fee per package, makes shipping unsustainable. Qwertykeys is pausing shipments for 72 hours to negotiate with DHL and other logistics providers for fairer solutions. The company also faced temporary delays in sending replacement parts due to a now-reversed US Postal Service suspension of packages from China.

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(www.theverge.com)
Hardware trade war

Bioengineered Teeth: A Breakthrough in Tooth Repair?

2025-02-06
Bioengineered Teeth: A Breakthrough in Tooth Repair?

Scientists have grown bioengineered teeth in the lab using cells from pig teeth, offering a revolutionary approach to tooth repair. Traditional fillings and implants have limitations such as limited lifespan and infection risks. This bioengineered tooth aims to overcome these drawbacks, providing a more durable and natural tooth replacement. Researchers cultured tens of millions of cells from pig jawbones and seeded them onto biodegradable tooth-shaped scaffolds, which were then implanted into rats. This research opens up new avenues for repairing damaged teeth and has the potential to revolutionize the field of dentistry.

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(www.technologyreview.com)
Tech bioengineering tooth repair

Trump's War on the Civil Service and the Democratic Party's Dilemma

2025-02-06
Trump's War on the Civil Service and the Democratic Party's Dilemma

This article analyzes Donald Trump's attacks on the federal civil service, arguing that they undermine the government's ability to provide public services and fulfill its functions, while also harming individual civil servants. The author contends that the Democratic Party, in response, has prioritized unity with labor unions over the principle that public institutions should prioritize the needs of their users above those of their workforce or ideological projects. Using education as an example, the author argues that excessive reliance on teachers' unions has led to a decline in Democrats' trustworthiness on education issues. The article emphasizes that effective governance requires a degree of intra-coalition tension, urging Democrats to strike a balance between maintaining coalition unity and pursuing the public good.

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(www.slowboring.com)
Politics Civil Service

Refactoring Pitfalls: When Not to Refactor

2025-02-06
Refactoring Pitfalls: When Not to Refactor

This article explores the pitfalls of code refactoring, highlighting that not all code needs refactoring. The author presents several scenarios where refactoring is inappropriate, such as attempting to fix bugs or adapt to third-party changes through refactoring; introducing unnecessary abstraction leading to code complexity; tackling multiple code smells simultaneously; refactoring untested code; and refactoring unchanging code. The article emphasizes that refactoring should be incremental, behavior-preserving, and involve small, reversible changes with test coverage. It advocates for pausing refactoring when understanding is lacking or new requirements emerge. Refactoring frequently changing and complex code yields the best results.

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(thoughtbot.com)
Development best practices

Roe AI: Revolutionizing Data Warehousing, Seeking Founding Engineer

2025-02-06
Roe AI: Revolutionizing Data Warehousing, Seeking Founding Engineer

Roe AI, backed by Gradient Ventures and Y Combinator, is building the next-generation data warehouse aiming to be the last data warehouse you'll ever need. They're looking for a founding engineer to develop their core SQL engine, multi-modal AI data engines, and multi-modal RAG system. The ideal candidate will have experience with generative AI, front-end and back-end development, and strong computer science fundamentals. Excellent benefits and a hybrid work arrangement are offered.

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(www.ycombinator.com)
Startup Data Warehouse

Relativity and the Origin of Magnetic Fields

2025-02-06
Relativity and the Origin of Magnetic Fields

This article provides an intuitive explanation of the origin of magnetic fields, avoiding the typical textbook approach of simply introducing 'B-fields' or 'H-fields'. Using a thought experiment involving a spaceship and flashing lights, the author elegantly explains how relativistic length contraction accounts for the appearance of magnetic fields when electrons move in a wire. The key insight is that while a stationary observer sees a constant electron density, an observer moving with the electrons perceives a lower electron density and a higher positive ion density, resulting in a net electric field pulling it towards the conductor – the essence of a magnetic field.

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(lcamtuf.substack.com)
Tech Relativity Magnetic Fields Electromagnetism

Virtual Pipes: A Simple and Efficient Method for Simulating Water Over Terrain

2025-02-06
Virtual Pipes: A Simple and Efficient Method for Simulating Water Over Terrain

This article introduces a simple and efficient method for simulating water flow over terrain in games – the virtual pipes method. Based on shallow water equations and using a staggered grid, this method treats water flow as columns connected by imaginary pipes. Water flow is accelerated based on water level differences, and outflow scaling prevents negative water amounts. The author details the three steps: flow acceleration, outflow scaling, and water column updating, providing code examples. This method is easy to understand, computationally efficient, and suitable for games requiring terrain modification and water simulation, such as city builders. While it has limitations such as lacking inertia and velocity diffusion, it's practical for most game scenarios.

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(lisyarus.github.io)
Development water simulation

Transfinite Nim: Extending the Winning Strategy Beyond the Finite

2025-02-06
Transfinite Nim: Extending the Winning Strategy Beyond the Finite

This article explores transfinite Nim, an extension of the classic game of Nim to transfinite ordinal numbers. The author first reviews the winning strategy for finite Nim – the balancing strategy – then introduces the binary representation of transfinite ordinal numbers, proving that every ordinal has a unique binary representation. The author further proves that the balancing strategy applies to transfinite Nim as well, demonstrating with a concrete example how to use this strategy to find the winning move.

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(jdh.hamkins.org)
Game transfinite ordinal numbers

Thailand Cuts Power to Border Towns to Combat Cross-Border Scams

2025-02-06
Thailand Cuts Power to Border Towns to Combat Cross-Border Scams

In a major crackdown on cross-border telecom scams, the Thai government has cut off electricity, internet, and gas supplies to several towns along its border with Myanmar. These areas are known to house numerous scam factories where victims are coerced into running investment and romance scams, generating billions of dollars annually. The move is driven by national security concerns and the significant economic damage caused by these scams. Thailand's Deputy Prime Minister personally oversaw the power cuts, citing a clause in the energy supply contract. The recent discovery of a missing Chinese actor in the area highlights the severity of the problem. While Myanmar has also repatriated thousands of forced workers, Thailand's actions demonstrate a strong stance against cybercrime and human trafficking, though the impact on innocent civilians remains unclear.

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(www.bitdefender.com)
Tech human trafficking

T1: A RISC-V Vector Processor Inspired by Cray X1

2025-02-06
T1: A RISC-V Vector Processor Inspired by Cray X1

T1 is a RISC-V vector processor implementation inspired by the Cray X1 vector machine. It features a lane-based microarchitecture with intensive chaining support and SRAM-based VRFs. Supporting standard Zve32f and Zve32x, T1 allows VLEN/DLEN scaling up to 64K, pushing the limits of the RISC-V Vector architecture. Key features include lanes, chaining, and a large LSU, while also serving as a general platform for MMIO DSAs. Designed with Chisel and accompanied by a T1Emulator, T1 integrates with any RISC-V scalar core. Users can configure T1 for various performance trade-offs, balancing throughput, area, and frequency, allowing for both high efficiency and high-performance designs.

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(github.com)
Hardware Vector Processor

Aluminum-Ion Batteries: A Revolutionary Breakthrough for Safer, Cheaper, and Longer-Lasting Energy Storage

2025-02-06
Aluminum-Ion Batteries: A Revolutionary Breakthrough for Safer, Cheaper, and Longer-Lasting Energy Storage

A team of scientists in Beijing has developed a novel aluminum-ion battery poised to revolutionize energy storage. The battery utilizes a stable solid-state electrolyte, overcoming the corrosion, safety, and short cycle-life issues plaguing previous aluminum-ion battery attempts. This solid-state electrolyte, composed of aluminum fluoride salt and a liquid electrolyte, features a porous 3D structure that absorbs and stabilizes the liquid while allowing ion mobility, increasing conductivity and preventing leakage. Tests show the battery retains 99% of its original capacity after 10,000 charge/discharge cycles, significantly outperforming lithium-ion batteries. Furthermore, it offers enhanced safety, recyclability, and lower cost, promising to accelerate the adoption of electric vehicles and renewable energy sources.

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(spectrum.ieee.org)
Tech aluminum-ion battery solid-state electrolyte

US Govt Discloses 39 Zero-Day Vulnerabilities, But the Full Story Remains Hidden

2025-02-06
US Govt Discloses 39 Zero-Day Vulnerabilities, But the Full Story Remains Hidden

For the first time, the US government revealed it disclosed 39 zero-day software vulnerabilities in 2023. This transparency, however, is limited. The report doesn't state the total number of vulnerabilities reviewed or how many were kept secret. Ten of the disclosed vulnerabilities had been previously deemed too risky to release. This lack of comprehensive data raises questions about the government's zero-day stockpile and whether its equities process truly prioritizes disclosure over exploitation. With the government planning to increase offensive cyber operations, this lack of transparency could become a significant issue.

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(www.zetter-zeroday.com)
Tech

Sub-$50 AI Reasoning Model Rivals Cutting-Edge Competitors

2025-02-06
Sub-$50 AI Reasoning Model Rivals Cutting-Edge Competitors

Researchers at Stanford and the University of Washington trained an AI reasoning model, s1, for under $50 using cloud compute. s1's performance matches state-of-the-art models like OpenAI's o1 and DeepSeek's R1 on math and coding tasks. The team leveraged knowledge distillation, using Google's Gemini 2.0 Flash Thinking Experimental as a teacher model and a dataset of 1,000 carefully curated questions. This low-cost replication raises questions about the commoditization of AI and has reportedly upset large AI labs.

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(techcrunch.com)
AI knowledge distillation low-cost AI

arXivLabs: Experimenting with Community Collaboration

2025-02-06
arXivLabs: Experimenting with Community Collaboration

arXivLabs is a framework for collaborators to develop and share new arXiv features directly on the website. Individuals and organizations working with arXivLabs embrace our values of openness, community, excellence, and user data privacy. arXiv is committed to these values and only partners with those who share them. Got an idea for a project that will benefit the arXiv community? Learn more about arXivLabs.

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(arxiv.org)
Development

Disney+ Loses Subscribers After Price Hike

2025-02-06
Disney+ Loses Subscribers After Price Hike

Disney's Q1 2025 earnings report revealed a loss of 700,000 Disney+ subscribers globally in recent months, attributed to price increases implemented in the fall. The ad-supported version rose from $7.99 to $9.99, while the ad-free tier jumped from $13.99 to $15.99. Simultaneously, Disney's crackdown on password sharing, introducing a paid sharing plan in select regions, likely contributed to the decline. Despite the loss, CEO Bob Iger stated the churn was less severe than anticipated. Conversely, Hulu gained 1.6 million subscribers, reaching 53.6 million. Disney's overall revenue saw a 4.8% increase, largely driven by the box office success of Moana 2, exceeding $1 billion in revenue.

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(www.macrumors.com)
Tech subscriber loss

Par: An Experimental Concurrent Language with Interactive Playground

2025-02-06
Par: An Experimental Concurrent Language with Interactive Playground

Par is an experimental concurrent programming language attempting to bring the expressive power of linear logic to practice. It features unique properties: processes communicate via channels, each channel has at most two endpoints, and deadlocks are impossible. All values are channels, including lists, functions, and infinite streams. While Par currently lacks some features like primitive types and non-determinism, it already expresses rich concurrency. This article details Par's syntax, semantics, and examples, covering channels, signals, recursion, and expression syntax. An interactive playground lets users experience Par's concurrency.

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(github.com)
Development linear logic

Medieval Trebuchet Range Calculation: A Physics Problem Based on Energy Conservation

2025-02-06
Medieval Trebuchet Range Calculation: A Physics Problem Based on Energy Conservation

This article estimates the range of a medieval trebuchet by calculating energy conservation. The author first analyzes the process of converting the potential energy of the counterweight into the kinetic energy of the projectile, taking into account energy losses. Then, using a simplified integration method (avoiding complex calculus), the author calculates the flight time of the projectile in the air and ultimately estimates the range of the trebuchet, comparing it with data from historical documents, with surprisingly consistent results. The article points out that the range of the trebuchet is independent of gravitational acceleration, which is counterintuitive, but the author explains this phenomenon through analysis.

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(michaeldominik.substack.com)
Tech medieval technology

The Elusive Cross-Platform Timer API: A Journey Through OS APIs

2025-02-06

This article explores the challenges of cross-platform timer APIs in C programming. The author discovers that different Unix systems (including Linux, FreeBSD, NetBSD, etc.) handle timers very differently. The POSIX timer_create function, based on signals, presents numerous problems, such as poor interoperability with other OS primitives and signal mask interference. The article delves into the pros and cons of various solutions, including timerfd_create, kqueue, port_create, and io_uring, ultimately concluding that for cross-platform applications, implementing timers in userspace, as libuv does, is a more efficient and reliable approach. Libuv uses a min-heap data structure to manage timers and uses system calls like poll/epoll/kqueue for multiplexing.

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(gaultier.github.io)
Development cross-platform development timers system programming

Memfault is Hiring: Android SDK Engineer ($100k-$180k)

2025-02-06
Memfault is Hiring: Android SDK Engineer ($100k-$180k)

Memfault, an IoT reliability platform, is seeking an Android (AOSP) SDK Engineer. You'll collaborate with SDK leads (Linux, MCU) and cross-functional teams to shape the future of Android at Memfault. Expect a diverse tech stack spanning microcontroller SDKs, large-scale backend data processing, and complex frontend charting. The company encourages broad contribution across its technology and offers flexible work arrangements with regular team gatherings and annual off-sites.

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(jobs.lever.co)
Development

EU-US Data Deal: Built on Shifting Sands?

2025-02-06
EU-US Data Deal: Built on Shifting Sands?

The EU-US Data Privacy Framework (TADPF) faces criticism for relying on potentially revocable US executive orders. The European Court of Justice previously ruled US law incompatible with EU data protection standards. Despite this, the EU Commission approved TADPF, allowing EU businesses to freely transfer data to US providers. However, a new US administration could overturn the executive orders underpinning TADPF, leaving many EU businesses in legal limbo. Experts warn EU companies should develop contingency plans to address the potential legal risks.

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(noyb.eu)
Tech cross-border data transfer US-EU relations

1930s Cameras: Innovation Amidst Depression

2025-02-06

The 1930s saw fundamental changes in camera design, despite the Great Depression. Wood construction largely disappeared except in cheaper models. Thousands of designs emerged as photography gained mass appeal. Folding bellows cameras remained popular, but chrome plating surpassed nickel. Many cameras were modular, with interchangeable lenses and shutters. Mid-decade, 35mm cameras (miniature cameras) using daylight-loading 135 cartridges rose to prominence, utilizing Bakelite and aluminum. Die-cast metal bodies became increasingly common. The twin-lens reflex camera matured, and the Exakta VP, a precursor to the modern SLR, appeared. Leica adopted the 135 cartridge, establishing a design trend of satin chrome and black finishes that persists today. Germany became a major producer of high-quality cameras, while mass-market cameras were produced globally.

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(licm.org.uk)
Tech camera history 35mm camera SLR camera

2000-Year-Old Mummies Found with Gold Tongues in Egypt

2025-02-06
2000-Year-Old Mummies Found with Gold Tongues in Egypt

Archaeologists unearthed 13 mummies in Egypt dating back over 2,000 years, each with a gold amulet replacing their tongue. Ancient Egyptians believed this ensured the deceased could speak in the afterlife. This discovery is exceptionally rare due to widespread tomb raiding. Beyond the golden tongues, the tombs yielded ritual texts, colorful inscriptions and artwork, scarabs, amulets, canopic jars, and more gold—including golden fingernails, another symbol of afterlife protection. The find offers invaluable insight into the religious practices and burial traditions of the Ptolemaic era (305-30 BC).

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(www.popularmechanics.com)
Tech Ancient Egypt Mummies

AsciiDoc: A Superior Alternative to Markdown for Documentation

2025-02-06
AsciiDoc: A Superior Alternative to Markdown for Documentation

Tired of Markdown's limitations? AsciiDoc might be the structured, full-featured alternative you need. It excels at handling tables, footnotes, and cross-references, supports document composition and conditional content, and boasts a unified ecosystem. This guide uses a sample application user guide to demonstrate AsciiDoc's features, including metadata, headings, text formatting, lists, tables, attributes, and conditional content. It also introduces adoc Studio, an editor streamlining AsciiDoc export and management, integrating seamlessly with Git for Docs-as-Code workflows. Combining AsciiDoc with Git and adoc Studio makes documentation more efficient and professional.

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(www.git-tower.com)
Development

FreeBSD as a High-Fidelity Audio Server: A Deep Dive

2025-02-06
FreeBSD as a High-Fidelity Audio Server: A Deep Dive

This comprehensive guide details configuring FreeBSD as an audiophile-grade audio server. It covers system and audio subsystem parameter tuning, real-time operation, bit-perfect signal processing, and optimal methods for enabling and configuring the system's graphic equalizer and high-quality audio equalization using FFmpeg filters. A comparison with Linux is included, along with numerous commands and configuration examples to help build a superior audio system. Linux users will also find valuable insights, particularly regarding MPD player and filter configuration.

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(m4c.pl)
Hardware Audio Server High-Fidelity Audio

Go Multi-Key Map Library: go-multikeymap

2025-02-06
Go Multi-Key Map Library: go-multikeymap

go-multikeymap is a performant Go library implementing map data structures with multiple keys. It offers two types: MultiKeyMap and BiKeyMap. MultiKeyMap allows one primary key and multiple string secondary keys, while BiKeyMap requires both keys to be unique. Both are available in concurrent and non-concurrent versions, with benchmarks showing near O(1) access times. The library is easy to use, well-documented, and includes benchmark results for performance evaluation.

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(github.com)
Development Multi-Key Map Data Structure
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